Class notes
Matric CAPS Geography Economic Geography of South Africa Notes
Notes containing a summary of the Economic Geography of South Africa Module of the Grade 12 CAPS Geography Curriculum.
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By: Vincentcusack • 2 year ago
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Topic 5: Economic Geography of South AfricaUnit 1: Structure of the Economy
Economic Sectors:
Primary sector: the extraction and production of raw materials
Farming, forestry, fishing, hunting, mining and quarrying.
Secondary sector: the refinement and manufacture of raw materials
Oil refineries and the manufacturing industry
Tertiary (services) sector: the distribution of products to the consumer as well as the provision of
services
Transport, trade, electrical services, financial services, medical services, education and tourism
Quaternary sector: research and data collection
Academics and scientists
Contribution of Economic Sectors to the South African Economy:
Two ways to measure contribution to the economy:
1. Employment: tracks how many of a country’s people are employed in a sector or industry
2. Value of a sector’s contribution is determined by the value of its contribution to the GDP of
a country. (Gross Domestic Product (GDP): the value of goods and services produced in a
country in a year)
Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary
Employs 7.1% of the Employs 21.7% of the Employs 68.2% of all Employs 3% of populace
populace populace (mainly jobs
refinement and
manufacturing)
Contributes 12.2% of Contributes 20.8% of Contributes 61% of GDP Contributes 6% of GDP
GDP GDP
SA used to be totally dependent on agricultural products → mining discovered and contributed
more towards the GDP → secondary and tertiary sectors now increasing in importance and value
Economic activities are influenced by:
- Available rain
- Irrigations schemes
- Discovery of minerals
- Government policy
- The development of towns, roads, railway lines, air links and harbors
Unit 2: Agriculture in the South African Economy
o Arable farming: cultivating the soil to grow crops
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