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ATI TEAS 7 ALL SECTIONS REAL EXAM WITH ANSWER KEYS AND STUDY GUIDES

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ATI TEAS 7 ALL SECTIONS REAL EXAM WITH ANSWER KEYS AND STUDY GUIDES ATI TEAS 7 ALL SECTIONS REAL EXAM WITH ANSWER KEYS AND STUDY GUIDES ATI TEAS 7 ALL SECTIONS REAL EXAM WITH ANSWER KEYS AND STUDY GUIDES

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ATI TEAS 7 Anatomy and Physiology Review with Questions and Answers.



Tissues


 Categories of Tissues

o Epithelial: Cells are tightly joined. Ex. Skin

o Connective: May be dense, loose, or fatty. Protects and binds body parts. Ex. Bone tissue,

cartilage, tendons, ligaments, fat, blood, and lymph.

o Cartilage: Cushions & provides structural support for body parts. Jelly like base and

fibrous.

o Blood: Blood transports oxygen to cells and removes wastes. Carries hormones and defends

against diseases.

o Bone: Hard tissue that supports and protects softer tissues & organs. Marrow produces red

blood cells.

o Muscle: Helps support and move the body.

 1. Smooth

 Cardiac

 Skeletal

o Nervous: Located inside the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Neurons form network through

the body that control responses to changes in the external and internal environment. Some

send signals to muscles and glands to trigger responses.




Organs


 Mammals 11 organ systems

1) Integumentary system

2) Respiratory system

3) Cardiovascular system

, 4) Endocrine system

5) Nervous system

6) Immune system

7) Digestive system

8) Excretory system

9) Muscular system

10) Skeletal system

11)Reproductive system

 Three Primary Body Planes

o Transverse (horizontal): Superior and inferior

o Sagittal plane: Right and left sections.

, o Coronal (frontal): Front & Back {anterior & posterior}

 Terms of direction

o Medial: toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

o Lateral: away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

o Proximal: closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the

body trunk

o Distal: farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body

trunk

o Anterior: toward or at the front of the body; in front of

o Posterior: Toward or at the back of the body; behind

o Cephalad=Head, Cranial=skull

o Caudad=towards the tail or posterior

o Superior: toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

o Inferior: away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below




Cell

 Cell: basic organizational unit of all living things. One thing in common is they all have membranes

(phospholipids).

 Cell structure organization: All cells contain DNA, and RNA & can synthesize proteins. Consists of

nucleic acids, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

o Tissues: Cells that are grouped together

o Organs: Tissues that are grouped together

o Systems: Organs that are grouped together

, o Organism: A complete individual

 Nuclear parts of a cell

o Nucleus: contains chromosomes, & regulates DNA of the cell. Defining structure of eukaryotic

cells (they all have nucleus). Passes genetic traits between generations. Contains nuclear

envelop, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, nuclear pores, chromatin, & ribosomes.

o Chromosomes: thread like rods of DNA. Short deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA is the genetic

material that stores information about the plant/animal.

o Chromatin: DNA & Protein makeup chromosomes

o Nucleolus: Proteins, small/round doesn’t have membrane. Protein synthesis, synthesizes &

stores RNA.

o Nuclear envelope: Encloses structures within nucleus. Made of lipids.

o Nuclear pores: Exchange materials between the nucleus * cytoplasm

o Nucleoplasm: Liquid like cytoplasm, within nucleus.


Cell Membranes


 Cell Membrane (Plasma membrane): Semipermeable membrane of lipids and proteins. Made of

phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic ends of the outer layer facing the external environment, the inner layer

facing inside the cell, hydrophobic ends facing each other.

o Hydrophilic: Water loving, can dissolve water

o Hydrophobic: Hates water, can’t dissolve water

 Selective Permeability

o Selective Permeability with regards to size, charge, and solubility.

 Cell structure

o Ribosomes: synthesize proteins from amino acids.

o Golgi apparatus: synthesize materials like proteins that are transported out of the cell. Near

nucleus & consists of layers of membranes.

o Vacuoles: Sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal. One large in plant cells/ Animal

cells are small or have numerous.

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