Resumen

Summary of cell fate

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Grado
Microbiologia

Institución
Universidad Autónoma De Madrid

cell death, well detaild explenation, that include diagrams and and visual elements that will help you to undestands fully how it works, it is formed, and all topic related.

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Subido en 12 de enero de 2023
Número de páginas 5
Escrito en 2022/2023
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Wk 12 CTL Notes
Regulation of Cell Fate
Proliferation/Division
- Regulated process of cytoplasmic duplication, followed by mitosis.
- Regulated by nutrients, secreted chemical messengers & environmental/local signals.
- Essential in development, growth, maintenance & repair.
Differentiation
- Regulated step-wise process where cells gain/lose specialised characteristics (morphological or
biochemical)
- Regulated by nutrients, secreted chemical messengers & environmental/local signals.
- Essential in the formation & maintenance of specialised tissues/organs
Terminal Differentiation
- Regulated process where cells differentiate but can no longer proliferate.
- Regulated by nutrients, secreted chemical messengers & environmental/local signals.
Apoptosis
- Regulated process where cells die for the benefit of the organism.
- Regulated by nutrients, secreted chemical messengers & environmental/local signals.
- Essential process in embryogenesis, ovulation & mensus, pathogenesis.

**Imbalance of these 4 processes can result in necrosis and/or cancer**

Stem Cells
- Can proliferate
- Can be determined
- Can differentiate into any type of cell.
• Proliferation
o Proliferative - eg. Early embryogenesis
o Differentiative – eg. Oogenesis (stem cells run out)
o Both

www.MedStudentNotes.com

, • Determination
o Where the cell is preset to a specific phenotype but has not yet differentiated.
o Determined cells are morphologically indistinguishable from stem cells.
o Eg.Early embryogenesis – before morulla stage, cells can become any human cellàtotipotent
o -at the morulla stage, the cells are determined to become either a primary germ layer or
trophoblasts; but have not yet differentiated.
o Also the primary germ layers are pluripotent=determined, but for multiple possible pathways.

• Differentiation
o Once determined, stem cells will differentiate into that cell.
o Eg. Adult immune system – hemopoietic stem cells in bone marrow can differentiate into
any of the immune-system cells.

www.MedStudentNotes.com

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