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Food and digestion
Food and digestion exam notes for iGCSE
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CARBOHYDRATES LIPIDS PROTEINSCHEM. ELEMENTS carbon, hydrogen, and carbon, hydrogen, and carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
oxygen (CHO) oxygen (CHO) nitrogen
practicals to test for:
ADD IF IT IS PRESENT…
PROTEIN a few drops of biuret solution colour will change to purple
3
GLUCOSE a few cm of benedict, then heat in a water bath colour will change to green/orange/red.
STARCH iodine colour will change to blue/black
3
FAT a few cm of water + ethanol, then shake the mixture will appear cloudy.
balanced diet energy requirements
It must contain all the essential nutrients in the greater a person's mass , the more energy they need.
the correct amounts and proportions.
age: youngest need more energy than the oldest
The nutrients needed are
gender: men need more energy than women
- Carbohydrate - Minerals
- Fat - Fibre
pregnancy: woman's energy needs increase (carries extra
- Protein - Water
- Vitamins mass)
I can identify sources of mineral ions calcium, water, and dietary fibre
carbohydrates pasta vitamin A cheese, eggs calcium cheese, milk
lipids milk vitamin C fruits water rivers, lakes
proteins fish, meat, eggs vitamin D fish, meat dietary fibre beans, broccoli
roles how food is moved through the gut by peristalsis
liver to produce bile and export it to the The muscles in the oesophagus contract above the bolus to
gallbladder. push food down the oesophagus.
gallbladder stores, concentrates, and releases bile. The muscles work together to produce wave-like contractions.
bile helps with digestion These have a squeezing action that pushes the bolus through
the gut.
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