Summary of the IB SEHS Unit 5.3 (principles of skill in sports). You will find detailed yet summarized information on the topic, organized according to the IB syllabus (contains all necessary information to achieve a 7).
Learning VS performance
Learning: the permanent change in performance
- ”a relatively permanent change in performance resulting from practice or past experience”
-can be brought about by:
study
experience
being taught
- ⚠excludes changes brought on by maturation and degeneration
Performance: temporary occurrence fluctuating over time
-a change in performance over time is often used to infer learning
Phases (stages) of learning
Cognitive/verbal - (early phase)
We try to make sense of instructions, understand the requirements and parameters of movements
Associative/motor - (intermediate phase)
We’re able to recall and enact large chunks of tasks
“what to do” → “how to do it”
Autonomous - (final phase)
We’re able to perform a skill with consistency and little cognitive activity
Types of learning curves
learning curve: way to evaluate the extent to which a skill is being learnt by plotting measures of practive
versus measures of performance
→ It’s the correlation between a learners performance on a task and the number of attempts/time required
to complete the task; direct proportion on a graph
5.3: principles of skill in sports 1
, Positive acceleration - (concave curve)
slow initial improvement in learning that increases with
time
initial rate of progress is slow but increases noticeably at
the final stages of learning
Negatively accelerated - (convex curve)
rapid initial improvement but final learning stage slows
considerably
S-shaped curve - (concave and convex)
initial improvement whether it is slow or rapid
there’s a period between the beggining and the end of
learning where no development happens = plateau
after the plateau, there’s another increase in learning
Factors that contribute to the different rates of learning
physical maturation: dynamic process of cellular and somatic growth
physical fitness: ability to complete tasks on a given level due to the cap. of fitness
coachig: how the instruction is given/how the coach interacts with learner
age: with age comes ability and comprehension
difficulty of task: depending on diff. of task and ability to comprehend and accomplis
teaching/learning environment: lack or whealth of resources, distraction
motivation: the want to learn (intrinsic and extrinsic)
5.3: principles of skill in sports 2
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