This document provides clear information on all aspects of english suitable for grades 8 to 12 .Aspects from Comprehension skills ,Advertisements ,cartoons and language .Its all summarised for clear understanding
, 1. Parts of Speech
Parts of speech are groups of words that obey certain rules about how they can be used in a sentence.
8 Parts of Speech:
• Nouns • Adverbs • Determines
• Verbs • Adjectives • Conjunctions
• Pronouns • Prepositions
Compound Nouns
Compound nouns are made up out of two words, such as ‘haircut’, ‘toothpaste’ and Christmas tree.
Gerunds
A gerund is a noun that has been made from a verb ending with ‘ing’.
Example: I want to get into marketing.
Nouns & Size
Diminutive form – indicates smallness. Example: a small drop is a droplet.
Augmentative form – indicates great size or importance. Example: supermarket, grandfather, megastar.
,Collective Nouns
An academy of performers/students A gathering of friends
An anthology of poems A group of islands/companies
An aquarium/catch/shoal/school of fish A haggle of vendors
An archipelago of islands A hamlet of houses in a village
An arrangement/bunch/bouquet/vase of flowers A herbarium of plants
An array/rainbow of colours A herd of cattle/elephants
An audience of spectators A hive/swarm of bees
An aviary of birds A hoard of gold/treasure
A bale of wool A horde of savages
A band of musicians/pilgrims A host of angels
A batch of bread A kindle/litter of kittens
A bench of judges/magistrates/bishops A leap of leopards
A bevy of beauties/girls A litter of kittens/puppies/cubs
A block of flats A mall of shops
A board of directors A menagerie of animals
A brood/hatch of chickens A mint of money
A bunch of bananas/grapes/keys A mob of kangaroos
A bundle of rags/sticks/washing A monastery of monks
A hunting of flags A muster of peacocks
A canteen of cutlery A nest of eggs/birds
A cast of hawks A nunnery/convent of nuns
A chest of drawers/treasure An orchestra of musicians
A choir of singers/choristers A paddling of ducks
A circle of friends A pack of cards/wolves
A claque of hired applauders A patch of vegetables
A class/school of pupils A plague of diseases/locusts
A clowder of cats A pocket of oranges/potatoes
A clump/orchard/forest/plantation of trees A posse of policemen
A cluster of diamonds/clouds A pride of lions/peacocks
A clutch/nest of eggs A punnet of strawberries
A cloud of smoke A queue of people/voters
A collection of pictures/antiques/stamp/coins A quire/ream of paper
A company/cast of actors A range of mountains
A congregation of worshippers A regiment/army/troop/battalion of soldiers
A constellation of stars A rookery of rooks/seals
A convey of cars/trucks A school of whales/dolphins
A covey of partridges A series of events
A crew of sailors A set of tools/china/glasses/rules
A dormitory of beds A shock of hair
An embassy of diplomats A shush of librarians
An empire of kings and queens A stack /truss/bale of hay
A family of relatives A staff of teachers/workers
A field of crops/harvesters A string/rope of pearls/beads
A flight/squadron/hangar of aeroplanes A suit of clothes/armour
A flight of stairs A suite of furniture/rooms
A flock of birds/sheep A swarm of locusts/flies
A fleet of ships/cars/taxis A troop of monkeys/lions/soldiers
A gam/pod/school of whales A troupe of actors/performers/dancers
A gaggle of geese A university of students
A gang of thieves A whoop of gorillas
, Pronouns
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