Este documento incluye información de los diferentes periodos históricos en la literatura, así como análisis de las obras Daisy Miller, Boyhood, Washington Square, The Dead (Dubliners), The Good Soldier
TECHNIQUES AND LANGUAGE IN ENGLISH NARRATIVE belen.piqueras@uam.es
30%: essay
70%: final exam
INDEX
1. Daisy Miller- Henry James (1867)
1.1. Henry James (1843- 1916)
1.2. Analysis Daisy Miller (1867)
2. Exercise: comments on Daisy Miller and Winterbourne’s aunt
3. Exercise: Americans’ view of Europeans- Europeans’ view of Americans
4. Washington Square- Henry James (1880)
4.1. Analysis Washington Square
5. Modernism
5.1. Modernist literature
5.2. Summary of core Enlightenment values and beliefs challenged by Modernism
5.3. Free Indirect Speech vs. Stream of Consciousness
6. The Dead (Dubliners)- James Joyce (1914)
6.1. About Henry James
6.2. Analysis of The Dead (Dubliners)
7. Boyhood- J.M. Coetzee (1997)
7.1. About J.M. Coetzee
7.2. Analysis of Boyhood
8. The Good Soldier- Ford Madox Ford (1915)
8.1. About Ford Madox Ford
8.2. Analysis of The Good Soldier
, 1. DAISY MILLER- HENRY JAMES (1867)
1.1. HENRY JAMES (1843- 1916)
- He travelled a lot, wrote fiction and travel literature about Americans in Europe and
Eruropeans in America. There was a lot of transatlantic tourism in the 2nd half of the
19th century. America was “productive” and a lot of people were rich. He also wrote
letters and sketches. He accounts of his juvenile travels in England, France,
Switzerland and Germany. James’ fiction is characterised by the Double
Consciousness and the pull of the past and present. He was very interested in
feelings and emotions as well as foreigners (the clash between the old and the new
world).
- He was born in a writer's family in New York before the Civil War. He died in London
during the First World War. He also wrote letters and sketches. He accounts of his
juvenile travels in England, France, Switzerland and Germany. James’ fiction is
characterised by the Double Consciousness and the pull of the past and present. He
was very interested in feelings and emotions as well as foreigners (the clash between
the old and the new world).
- Art was suffering a crisis, a dramatic change in a positive way. Henry James is an
early Modernist. Importance of the point of view and its focalisation, manipulation…
there is a change of the centre of consciousness (focalisator), there began to be
more than one. The 19thC tendency was that of a unique centre of focalisation, but
Modernists changed that.
1.2. ANALYSIS DAISY MILLER (1867)
- The novel’s actual name is Daisy Miller: a study. That is the case because it is a
social study based on Daisy’s manners. The clash between her American flirt and her
commonness/ vulgarity. The narrator’s voice is more judgemental/ scientific than
Winterourne’s. It is a study of a study.
- The novel is set in Vavey, Switzerland (a very rich retirement place).
- Beginning: Introduction of Winterbourne (an American living in Geneva). Subjective
narrator as he talks about Winterbourne’s enemies. The narrator also judges America
and Americans (too crowded, watering places), it is not impartial.
- Free Indirect Speech/ style: displacement of the point of view from the narrator to
some of the characters. In (character’s mind) and out (narrator) effect of the point of
view. In this case, the switch is to Winterbourne’s perspective. This is done so we are
not influenced by Winterbourne’s point of view about Daisy. When the narrator is
detached, pretends to regain control. Winterbourne’s point of view is so close to the
narrator’s that he could be it himself (only a guess).
- Direct Speech: “I will buy the flowers myself”.
- Indirect Speech: “she said that she would buy the flowers herself”.
- Free Indirect Speech: “she would buy the flowers herself”; “she was not
disappointed” (page 16); “he would see that one had to be” (page 22); “he discovered
promptly enough that with Miss Daisy Miller there was…” (page 25).
2
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