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Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation 4th Edition by Chang David | TEST BANK - All Chapters 1-18 30,99 €
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Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation 4th Edition by Chang David | TEST BANK - All Chapters 1-18

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TEST BANK for Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation 4th Edition by Chang David. ISBN 7348 (All Chapters 1-18). TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Principles of Mechanical Ventilation Chapter 2: Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation Chapter 3: Classification of Mechanical Ventilators Chapter 4...

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  • 27 de junio de 2023
  • 91
  • 2022/2023
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  • classification of mech
  • clinical application of mechanical ventilation 4th
  • test bank for clinical application of mechanical
  • principles of mechanical ventilation
  • effects of positive pressure ventilation

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,Chapter 1: Principles of Mechanical Ventilation


TRUE/FALSE

1. When a patient fails to ventilate or oxygenate adequately, the problem is caused by pathophysiological
factors such as hyperventilation.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Introduction

2. One of the most common causes of increased airway resistance is COPD.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

3. Airway resistance varies directly with the diameter of the airway or ET tube and inversely with the
length.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

4. Low compliance measurements are usually related to conditions that increase the patient’s functional
residual capacity and total lung capacity.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lung Compliance

5. When looking at the pressure-volume loop, a shift of the slope toward the pressure axis indicates a
decrease in compliance.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lung Compliance


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. One of the most frequent uses of mechanical ventilation is for the management of postoperative
patients recovering from ____.
a. apnea and impending respiratory arrest
b. anesthesia and medications
c. acute severe asthma and heart failure
d. acute brain injury and flail chest
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Introduction

2. Normal airway resistance in healthy adults is between 0.5 to ____ cm H2O/L/sec.
a. 1.5 c. 2.5
b. 2.0 d. 3.0
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

3. Based on Poiseuille’s Law, the work of breathing increases by factor of ____ when the radius (r) of the
airway is reduced by half its original size.
a. 8-fold c. 13-fold
b. 10-fold d. 16-fold
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

4. ____ occurs when the patient’s minute ventilation cannot keep up with CO2 production.

, a. Ventilatory failure c. Oxygenation failure
b. Refractory hypoxemia d. Deadspace ventilation
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

5. Which of the following is calculated by C = DV/DP?
a. oxygenation failure c. dynamic compliance
b. static compliance d. lung compliance
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lung Compliance

6. For critically-ill patients, the dynamic compliance is between 30 and ____ mL/cm H2O.
a. 40 c. 60
b. 50 d. 70
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lung Compliance

7. For critically-ill patients, the static compliance is between 40 and ____ mL/cm H2O.
a. 50 c. 70
b. 60 d. 80
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lung Compliance

8. Which of the following is defined as wasted ventilation, or a condition in which ventilation is in excess
of perfusion?
a. ventilatory failure c. refractory hypoxemia
b. deadspace ventilation d. oxygenation failure
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Deadspace Ventilation

9. ____ occurs when the ventilated alveoli are not adequately perfused by pulmonary circulation.
a. Alveolar deadspace c. Physiologic deadspace
b. Anatomic deadspace d. Arterial deadspace
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Deadspace Ventilation

10. Hypercapnia, which involves an increase in ____, is the key feature of ventilatory failure.
a. PCO2 c. FIO2
b. PIO2 d. PaCO2
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Ventilatory Failure

11. Which of the following is the difference between tidal volume and deadspace volume?
a. minute alveolar ventilation c. (V/Q) ratio
b. alveolar volume d. physiologic deadspace
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Ventilatory Failure

12. The gas diffusion coefficient for carbon dioxide is ____ times greater than that for oxygen.
a. 10 c. 17
b. 14 d. 19
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Ventilatory Failure

13. The classic physiologic shunt equation ____.
a. requires only an arterial blood sample
b. requires an arterial blood sample and a mixed venous blood sample

, c. requires only a venous blood sample
d. does not require a blood sample
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Ventilatory Failure

14. ____ is reduced oxygen in the body organs and tissues.
a. Hypoxemia c. Anemia
b. Tachypnea d. Hypoxia
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Oxygenation Failure

15. Which of the following is a clinical example of a condition that may lead to ventilatory pump failure?
a. emphysema c. pulmonary embolism
b. hyperkalemia d. COPD
ANS: B PTS: 1
REF: Clinical Conditions Leading To Mechanical Ventilation


COMPLETION

1. Regardless of the diagnosis or disease state, patients who require mechanical ventilation generally
have developed _______________, oxygenation failure, or both.

ANS: ventilatory failure

PTS: 1 REF: Introduction

2. In mechanical ventilation, the degree of airway resistance is primarily affected by the length, size, and
patency of the airway, endotracheal tube, and _______________.

ANS: ventilator circuit

PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

3. In a clinical setting, _______________ may result if the patient is unable to overcome the airway
resistance by increasing the work of breathing.

ANS: hypoventilation

PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

4. A(n) _______________ bowing of the P-V loop suggests an overall increase in airflow resistance.

ANS: increased

PTS: 1 REF: Airway Resistance

5. In a clinical setting, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and _______________ are two
causes of increased work of breathing.

ANS: atelectasis

PTS: 1 REF: Lung Compliance

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