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History - Give me liberty - Vol - Chapter 2 - Beginning of English America () 100% verified
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History - Give me liberty - Vol - Chapter 2 -Beginning of English America (1607-1660)
Unifying the English Nation - ANS1. England's stability in the sixteenth century was undermined
by religious conflicts.
England and Ireland - ANS1. England's methods to subdue Ireland in the sixteenth and early
seventeenth centuries established patterns that would be repeated in America.
England and North America - ANS1. The English crown issued charters for individuals such as
Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh to colonize America at their own expense, but both
failed
Spreading Protestantism - ANS1. Anti-Catholicism had become deeply ingrained in English
popular culture.
2. A Discourse Concerning Western Planting argued that settlement would strike a blow at
England's enemy: Spain.
Motives for Colonization - ANS1. National glory, profit, and a missionary zeal motivated the
English crown to settle America.
2. It was also argued that trade, not mineral wealth, would be the basis of England's empire.
The Social Crisis - ANS1. A worsening economy and the enclosure movement led to an
increase in the number of poor and a social crisis.
2. Unruly poor were encouraged to leave England for the New World.
Masterless Men - ANS1. Thomas Moore's Utopia (1516) describes a place such as many could
imagine America, a place where settlers could go to escape the economic inequalities of
Europe.
2. The English increasingly viewed America as a land where a man could control his own labor
and thus gain independence, particularly through the ownership of land.
English Emigrants - ANS1. Sustained immigration was vital for the settlement's survival.
2. Between 1607 and 1700, a little over half a million persons left England.
a. They settled in Ireland, the West Indies, and North America. b. The majority in North America
were young, single men from the bottom rungs of English society.
Indentured Servants - ANS1. Two-thirds of English settlers came to North America as
indentured servants.
2. Indentured servants did not enjoy any liberties while under contract.
, Land and Liberty - ANS1. Land was the basis of liberty.
2. Land was also a source of wealth and power for colonial officials.
Englishmen and Indians - ANS1. The English were chiefly interested in displacing the Indians
and settling on their land.
2. Most colonial authorities in practice recognized the Indians' title to land based on occupancy.
3. The seventeenth century was marked by recurrent warfare between colonists and Indians.
a. Wars gave the English a heightened sense of superiority.
Transformation of Indian Life - ANS1. English goods were eagerly integrated into Indian life.
2. Over time, those European goods changed Indian farming, hunting, and cooking
practices.
a. Exchanges with Europeans stimulated warfare between Indian tribes
Changes in the Land - ANS1. As the English sought to reshape Indian society and culture, their
practices only
undermined traditional Indian society.
2. Settlers fenced in more land and introduced more crops and livestock, transforming
the natural environment.
The Jamestown Colony - ANS1. Settlement and survival were questionable in the colony's early
history because of high
death rates, frequent change in leadership, inadequate supplies from England, and
placing gold before farming.
2. By 1616, about 80 percent of the immigrants who had arrived in the first decade were
dead.
3. John Smith began to get the colony on its feet.
From Company to Society - ANS1. New policies were adopted in 1618 so that the colony could
survive.
a. Headright system.
b. A charter of grants and liberties.
c. Slavery; the first slaves arrived in 1619.
Powhatan and Pocahontas - ANS1. Powhatan, the leader of thirty tribes near Jamestown,
eagerly traded with the English.
2. English-Indian relations were mostly peaceful early on.
a. Pocahontas married John Rolfe in 1614, symbolizing Anglo-Indian harmony.
The Uprising of 1622 - ANS1. Once the English decided on a permanent colony instead of
merely a trading post,
conflict was inevitable.
a. Opechancanough led an attack on Virginia's settlers in 1622.
2. The English forced the Indians to recognize their subordination to the government at
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