Summary Research Methods in Psychology - Introduction to Research Methodology (424529-B-5) (complete summary+ quizzes)
172 vistas 4 veces vendidas
Grado
Introduction to Research Methodology (424529B5)
Institución
Tilburg University (UVT)
Book
Research Methods in Psychology
This is a research methodology summary that includes everything you have to know for the exam! It is an excellent blend of notes from the book, knowledge clips, tables to summarise important concepts, mindmaps to help you better remember some key terms, etc. ️
BONUS: quizzes to test your knowled...
Samenvatting Research Methods in Psychology - Methodologie 1 (P_BMETHOD_1)
Introduction to Research Methodology (Module 3, Chapter 4)
Introduction to Research Methodology (Module 2 - Chapters 2 & 3)
Todos para este libro de texto (5)
Escuela, estudio y materia
Tilburg University (UVT)
Psychologie
Introduction to Research Methodology (424529B5)
Todos documentos para esta materia (12)
Vendedor
Seguir
curtalaura
Comentarios recibidos
Vista previa del contenido
introduction to
Research Methodology
This summary is based on Morling, B. (2020). Research methods in Psychology: Evaluating a World of
Information, knowledge clips and explanations received during the tutorials
Laura C./ Tilburg/ ‘22
,Ch. 1 Psychology is a way of thinking
• psychologists are empiricists; they base their conclusions on systemic, unbiased
observations of the world
• using the theory-data cycle, researchers propose theories, make
hypothesis(predictions) and collect data; a good scientific theory is supported by data
and is falsifiable.
• researchers do not claim that theories are not proven but they can say that a theory is /
is not well supported or well established (meaning that most of the data confirmed the
theory and very little data have disconfirmed it)
• there are 3 types of researchers/ research:
o applied research- address real-world problems
Laura C./ Tilburg/ ‘22
, o basic research- its goal is to enhance the general body of knowledge, without
regard for direct application to practical problems
o translational research- uses knowledge derived from basic research to
develop and test solutions to real-world problems
• scientists strive to follow the 4 norms (shared expectations about how they should
act) of the scientific community (Merton's norms):
o universalism- scientific claims are evaluated according to their merit,
independent of the researcher’s credentials or reputation. The same
preestablished criteria apply to all scientists and all research
o communality- scientific knowledge is created by a community, and its findings
belong to the community
o disinterestedness- scientists strive to discover the truth whatever it is; they are
not swayed by conviction, idealism, politics, or profit
o organised scepticism- scientists question everything, including their own
theories, widely accepted ideas, and “ancient wisdom”
• the publication process is part of the worldwide scientific communication; scientists
publish their research in journals
• before research is published, it must be subjected to the peer-review process; the
published work can be approved or criticised by the scientific community
• journalists who are writing for popular media outlets often 'translate' scientific studies
for the general public; however, they do not do so accurately and leave out many
details => when reading something online, it's best to think critically and if possible,
to go directly to the original source: peered-reviewed research
Laura C./ Tilburg/ ‘22
,Ch. 2 Sources of information
• people's beliefs can be based on the following:
their own experience
their intuition
authorities
controlled research
• research information is the most accurate source of knowledge
Research vs personal experience
• beliefs based on personal experience may not be accurate because they do not involve
a comparison group
• in research, 'compared to what? ' is an important question that needs to be answered;
therefore, researchers design studies that include comparison groups
• personal experience is often confounded- as many things are happening at once, it is
impossible to know which factor is responsible for a particular outcome; researchers,
however, can closely control for confounding factors
• confound- a general term for a potential alternative explanation for research finding
• conclusions based on research are probabilistic- research findings can't predict or
explain all cases all the time; the realistic aim is to be able to predict or explain a high
proportion of cases
Research vs intuition
• intuition is a poor source of information because it is affected by biases in thinking:
→ availability heuristic- people overestimate how often something happens if
they consider only readily available thoughts, those that come to mind most
easily
→ present/ present bias- people find it easier to notice what is present than what
is absent
→ confirmation bias- we seek out evidence that confirms our initial ideas and
fail to seek out evidence that can disconfirm them
→ bias blind spot- we believe that we are less biased than everyone else
• scientific researchers are aware of these biases and use comparison groups, consider
all data, and allow the data to change their beliefs in order to reduce as much as
possible the influence of biases on their thinking
Trusting authorities
• an authority in a field should not be believed when they base their claims on intuition
or personal experience; their claims/ advice and lessons are worth taking into
consideration only when they are based on well-conducted studies
• disinformation- news that is deliberately created and spread to mislead or provoke
Laura C./ Tilburg/ ‘22
, Sources of information:
Finding and reading the research
• journal articles:
→ empirical journal articles- a scholarly article that reports for the first time the
results of a research study.
→ review journal articles- an article summarizing all the studies that have been
published in one research area (review articles sometimes use meta-analysis- a
way of mathematically averaging the effect sizes of all the studies that have
tested the same variables to see what conclusion that whole body of evidence
supports
→ to make sure of the quality of the journals, we can use Cabell's blacklist of
predatory journals
• books and edited books (books that contain chapters on a common topic written by
different contributors)
• PsycINFO
• Google Scholar
Components of an empirical journal article:
• abstract
Laura C./ Tilburg/ ‘22
Los beneficios de comprar resúmenes en Stuvia estan en línea:
Garantiza la calidad de los comentarios
Compradores de Stuvia evaluaron más de 700.000 resúmenes. Así estas seguro que compras los mejores documentos!
Compra fácil y rápido
Puedes pagar rápidamente y en una vez con iDeal, tarjeta de crédito o con tu crédito de Stuvia. Sin tener que hacerte miembro.
Enfócate en lo más importante
Tus compañeros escriben los resúmenes. Por eso tienes la seguridad que tienes un resumen actual y confiable.
Así llegas a la conclusión rapidamente!
Preguntas frecuentes
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
100% de satisfacción garantizada: ¿Cómo funciona?
Nuestra garantía de satisfacción le asegura que siempre encontrará un documento de estudio a tu medida. Tu rellenas un formulario y nuestro equipo de atención al cliente se encarga del resto.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller curtalaura. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for 11,99 €. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
