NREMT Test Prep Questions & Answers 2024

NREMT Test Prep Questions & Answers 2024 When ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-valve-mask device, each breath should be delivered over: A) 1 second. B) 2 seconds. C) 3 seconds. D) 4 seconds. - ANSWER-A) 1 second. When ventilating any apneic patient, each breath should be delivered over a period of 1 second—just enough to produce visible chest rise. Excessive ventilation duration and/or volume increases the likelihood of gastric distention, especially if the patient's airway is not secured with an advanced device (ie, ET tube, multilumen airway, supraglottic airway), and may result in increased intrathoracic pressure, decreased venous return to the heart, and decreased cardiac output. A 70-year-old woman with severe respiratory distress is found lying supine in her bed. She is conscious, but confused, and her skin is pale and clammy. Her husband states that she has congestive heart failure and hypertension, and that her breathing difficulty began suddenly. The EMT should: A) assist the patient's ventilations with a bag-mask device. B) elevate the patient's upper body and administer oxygen. C) auscultate the patient's lungs and apply the pulse oximeter. D) suspect pulmonary edema and begin treatment with CPAP. - ANSWER-B) elevate the patient's upper body and administer oxygen. The patient's clinical presentation and medical history suggests acute pulmonary edema. The EMT should immediately sit the patient up in order to make it easier for her to breathe. If she continues to lie supine, she will become increasingly hypoxic and may stop breathing altogether. Administer high-flow oxygen and further assess the patient (ie, breath sounds, pulse oximetry, etc). If her breath sounds reveal crackles and she is able to follow verbal commands, treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) should be considered. If she is not able to follow verbal commands, begin assisting her ventilations with a bag-mask device. Monitor her oxygen saturation, and if available, end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). Which of the following would MOST likely cause a reduction in tidal volume?