Define the following concepts and give practical examples as a way to
demonstrate that you understand them in the Foundation Phase context.
1.1 Curriculum
The curriculum in the Foundation Phase refers to the overall plan or framework for
what students will learn and the educational experiences they will have. It includes
the subjects, learning objectives, teaching methods, and assessment practices. For
example, in a Foundation Phase curriculum, students may be expected to learn
basic literacy and numeracy skills, as well as foundational knowledge in subjects
such as science, social studies, and life skills.
1.2 Teaching
Teaching in the Foundation Phase involves the planned and intentional facilitation of
learning experiences for young students. This includes engaging students in
activities and lessons that help them develop their cognitive, social, emotional, and
physical skills. An example of teaching in the Foundation Phase could be a teacher
leading a group of students in a hands-on science experiment to help them
understand the concept of buoyancy.
1.3 Management skills
Management skills in the Foundation Phase involve the ability to effectively organize
and oversee the day-to-day activities within a classroom or school setting. This
includes managing student behavior, classroom resources, and time effectively. A
,practical example of management skills in the Foundation Phase could be a teacher
creating a classroom schedule that allows for a balance of academic instruction,
playtime, and transitions between activities.
1.4 Multigrade classes
Multigrade classes in the Foundation Phase refer to classrooms where students from
multiple grade levels are taught together by one teacher. This can present unique
challenges in terms of lesson planning, differentiation, and assessment. An example
of a multigrade class in the Foundation Phase could be a combined class of first and
second graders, where the teacher needs to provide instruction and activities that
are suitable for both age groups.
1.5 Africanisation
Africanisation in the Foundation Phase context refers to the incorporation of African
cultural practices, perspectives, and content into the curriculum and teaching
practices. This can include teaching about African history, traditions, and languages,
as well as incorporating culturally relevant examples and resources into lessons. An
example of Africanisation in the Foundation Phase could be a teacher incorporating
traditional African storytelling or music into a language arts lesson.
QUESTION 2: 10
Mention five (5) technological devices and explain how they can be used for
teaching and learning in the Foundation Phase.
1. Interactive whiteboards: Interactive whiteboards can be used to display
educational materials such as videos, images, and interactive games to engage
young learners. Teachers can use the whiteboard to demonstrate concepts and
students can also interact with the board to participate in activities.
2. Tablets: Tablets can be used for individualized learning activities and educational
apps. Students can use tablets to practice math problems, spelling, or reading skills
through interactive games and exercises.
, 3. Educational software: Educational software can be installed on desktop computers
or laptops to support learning in subjects such as math, language, and science. This
software can provide individualized instruction and practice to meet the diverse
needs of students in the Foundation Phase.
4. Digital cameras: Digital cameras can be used to document hands-on learning
experiences and create visual aids for lessons. Students can also use digital
cameras to take photos for storytelling activities or to document class projects and
experiments.
5. Audio players/recorders: Audio players and recorders can be used for listening
activities, such as listening to stories, songs, or language exercises. Students can
also use recorders to practice speaking and listening skills, recording themselves to
hear their pronunciation and fluency.
QUESTION 3: 10
Differentiate between management and leadership with suitable examples
from the primary school context.
Management and leadership are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct
differences in a primary school context.
Management in a primary school context involves the organization, coordination, and
allocation of resources to ensure that the school runs smoothly and efficiently. This
includes tasks such as creating schedules, managing budgets, and overseeing day-
to-day operations. An example of management in a primary school context would be
the principal coordinating the school's budget to ensure that resources are allocated
appropriately for educational materials, extracurricular activities, and facility
maintenance.
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