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evaluate social identity theory (8) social psychology essay
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marked essay on social identity theory -one of the main theories to learn in social psychology, evaluation 8 marks strengths and weaknesses
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social identity Theory evaluation 8 marks1 strength of social identity Theory is that it has supporting evidence. Tajel’s minimal group
experiments investigating 48 boys from schools in Bristol who were divided into 3 groups of
16 regardless of their actual preference for the paintings from either klee or kandinsky.The
task they were assigned to in which they didn't know which painting belong to which artist
afterwards they were asked to assign a number set in each Matrix in a booklet to either
reward or punish the other group. this was done by Tajfel to ensure that competition was not
made driving the behaviour of the boys, just the presence of the other group. There's also
where the boys consistently rewarded their own in group, displaying in group favouritism
and punished the outgroup, failing to maximise their own profit to sufficiently penalise the
other group. This supports social identity Theory because Prejudice can be brought on
through social categorization and that group membership alone even in the absence of
competition can cause Prejudice leading to extreme in group favouritism and negative out to
group bias. However the task cover was signing a number set in each matrix Lux mundane
realism as this was not what the participants would normally do in their everyday lives
therefore the research lacked ecological validity, undermining support for social identity
theory.
1 weakness of social identity Theory is that it underestimates they importance of Individual
differences. so may have a greater tendency to favour their own in group and actively
discriminate against the outgroup based on their own personality. For example authoritarian
personalityIs more likely to be prejudiced because their self-esteem is more strongly linked
to their own social identity. This means that social identity Theory may have some gaps in its
Theory as it doesn't account for different differences in personality. this is a weakness for
social identity Theory.
overall social identity theories supported by research evidence but that is not ecologically
valid and Theory does not consider personally as a variable.
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