Consumer Studies Grade 11
Contextual Questions
The Consumer
Sources of income from labor in South African households
The difference between essential and non-essential expenses
Study Case
Corrective Actions
Factors influencing the spending patterns of South African households.
Food and Nutr...
CONSUMER STUDIES
GRADE 11
JUNE EXAMINATION
2024
Previous exam papers were used to compile these
notes. SACAI NOV 2020 & 2021. @IMPAQ JUN 2019,
2020, 2021 & 2022. EC/NOVEMBER 2020.
These are only suggested answers from the
memorandum. Some information is repeated, I want to
show you the different ways the same information is asked.
Good luck. Juffrou Ansie
CONTEXTUAL QUESTIONS
SSA The organization that conducts surveys every five years to
collect data on consumer income and spending.
Middle income When inflation and interest rates rise, only this income group
will be able to afford luxuries
Dividends Payments to shareholders when the business shows a profit.
Spending patterns The typical way consumers spend money on goods and
services is known as spending patterns
Elasticity Elasticity is related to a substance's ability to stretch. A
substance is elastic if it returns to its original shape and size
after being stretched.
@Juffrou_Ansie
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Dimensional stability Dimensional stability. A textile fabric's ability to maintain its
shape and size during use and care. The textile fabric will not
stretch or shrink.
Hydrogenation Hydrogen gas is pumped into oil to make it solid at room
temperature. The type of fat formed by the process = Trans
fatty acids
Amino acids Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins. The
body needs 22 amino acids to build body cells
Lactose Lactose is also known as milk sugar.
Enzymes Proteins that speed up chemical processes in the body.
Edema Excessive water intake.
Water Regulates body temperature through sweating.
Vitamin D Vitamin D is also known as the "sunshine vitamin".
Vitamin K Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting in the body
Vitamin C Promotes the absorption of iron from the diet.
Folic acid Folic acid deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in babies
Cow's milk Cow's milk is not suitable for babies because it is too high in
protein and too low in sugar.
Pods Contains protein of low biological value
Canola oil and nuts Contains fat but no trans fatty acids and is therefore a
healthier choice for a healthy lifestyle
Iron deficiency Young adult girls can develop iron deficiency during
menstruation. Deficiency causes anaemia.
Thiamine A deficiency of thiamine can lead to the development of beri-
beri.
Mercerization A treatment for textile fabrics and cotton yarn. It reduces
shrinkage and gives the fabric a soft sheen.
Embossing Textile fabrics are sent through rollers with an engraving
design. It produces a permanently textured textile fabric.
@Juffrou_Ansie
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Achromatic / neutral Colours that do not have true colour, such as white, grey and
colours black.
Analogous colour Colour harmony of colours that lie next to each other on the
harmony colour wheel.
Form It refers to the outline or silhouette of an object
Contrasting/ To use two or more opposite colours on the colour wheel.
complimentary colour
scheme
Fortification The addition of specific micro-nutrients to foods
Hormones The body's chemical messengers and metabolic regulators.
Macro-nutrients Nutrients that the body needs in large quantities.
Fructose Natural sugar found in fruit.
Physical contamination Contamination of food by physical objects such as bones and
plastic.
Good sources of Legumes, Broccoli, Milk and Salmon.
Calcium
Anaemia A deficiency of Vitamin B9, also known as Folic acid, can
cause anaemia in pregnant women.
Cholesterol Derived from animal sources and produced in the human
body.
Calendaring Similar to ironing.
Stiffness Starch and dextrin are used to improve the lustre and volume
of cellulose fibres and prevent the fabric from getting dirty
quickly.
Embossing Engraved rollers leave a three-dimensional design on the
textile fabric.
Sanforization Process for making textile fabrics shrink-resistant.
Fluff Fiber ends are brushed so that the surface becomes soft and
woolly.
@Juffrou_Ansie
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Anti-bacterial Applied to underwear and stockings.
Intensity The purity or strength of a true colour.
Primary colours Colours that cannot be mixed/created.
Weft thread Cross threads in the woven fabric.
Self side The edge of a textile that does not fray.
Colour fastness The ability of a textile to retain its colour during normal
washing processes.
Non-woven/bond fibre Fibre networks bonded together with adhesives or heat.
Texture Texture affects colour because of the different ways it catches
and absorbs light, as well as the amount of reflection on its
surfaces.
Curved lines Curved lines lend an elegant, soft effect to the design and
usually follow the body's contours.
Spectrum A colour path arranged in order of the wavelength of different
colours
Hue or true colour The name of a colour by which it can be recognized and
described e.g. blue.
Achromatic (colour) Colours that do not have true colour e.g. white and black
Tone When black is added to a colour.
Value How light or how dark a colour is.
Pear body shape The pear body shape has narrow shoulder and a small chest
compared to the size of hips and thighs.
Colour harmony in the outfit = Analogous
Tint When a true colour is made lighter by adding white
@Juffrou_Ansie
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Lines that create a feeling of length and slenderness
Symmetrical balance
type
An example of twill
binding
Recommended Dietary The dietetic standard for evaluating the nutritional intake of
Allowance (RDA) groups rather than individuals. Daily recommendations for
energy, proteins, minerals and other nutrients to prevent
deficiency diseases or deficiencies.
Dietary Reference The DVI is based on the ADT’s but its purpose is to reduce the
Intake (DVI) risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, etc.
lowering through nutrition
THE CONSUMER
Read the extract below from an article @IMPAQ JUN 2021
@Juffrou_Ansie
, 6
Fixed expenses and variable expenses from the article
FIXED EXPENSES VARIABLE EXPENSES
Car and home insurance → Housing and utilities.
→ Transport
→ Food and non-alcoholic beverages.
NET INCOME= The income that the household or an individual receives after all
deductions have been made from the gross income
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