I want to help you get through all the different drug classes in Pharmacology. I have found that students struggle to get through the amount of work. These summaries helped me get through my Honours Degree. I will soon graduate with my Masters of Science in Neurogenetics. You got this!
H2-receptor antagonists Cimetidine Well absorbed orally Very safe (plac
Inhibit acid secretion by blocking H2- Famotidine Peak serum levels = 1-3 hours Cimetidine: gyn
receptors on parietal cell Ranitidine Antacids ↓ absorption by 10-20% Impotence (pro
Less effective than PPI Nizatidine NOT by food Idiosyncratic m
Useful for acid reduction, preventing Cross bbb and breast milk Cytopenias
NSAIDS induced ulcers and healing CIMETIDINE INTERACTS with Renal & hepatic elimination Hemolytic ane
peptic ulcers CISAPRIDE and THIORIDAZINE QT Nizatidine = minimally metabolized = 100% BA Cimetidine: CN
Category B, safe in lactation PROLONGATION Cimetidine T1/2 ↑ with liver failure reversible)
Rare ↑LFT – ca
Adverse effect
Proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole (esophagitis, category Weak bases in acidic parts of PC Rebound gastr
Effectively block acid secretion by C) Pro-drug activated by acid & binds to cysteine Dose tapering
irreversibly binding to and inhibiting Lansoprazole - FECAL residue in a disulfide bond Safe
the K+H+ATPase (on luminal surface of Dexlansoprazole To inactivate K+H+ATPase Infections = clo
the parietal cell membrane) Esomeprazole (esophagitis) ONLY work in parietal cells stimulated by FOOD to & pneumonia (
Category B Pantoprazole have ACIDIC COMPARTMENTS suppression)
Peptic ulcers Rabeprazole Take 30-60 minute BEFORE a meal, so they are Hypomagnesem
H. pylori eradication present in blood when food stimulates the parietal Hip fractures &
GERD (maintenance) OMEPRAZOLE interacts with cells in older smoke
NSAID associated ulcers WARFARIN, DIAZEPAM, DIGOXIN, Hepatic metabolism by Cyt p450 (esp.CYP2C19) Vit B12 and Fe
CARBAMAZEPINE and PHENYTOIN Primary URINE excretion Atrophic gastri
Reduces GLOPIDOGREL efficacy
Mucosal protective agents Antacids
sucralfate
i. Antacids AlOH Depends on vo
Neutralizes gastric acid MgOH duration
Bind growth factors Ca2+ Mg: diarrhea &
Enhance their binding to ulcers Milk-alkali synd
Promote angiogenesis in injured alkalosis and re
mucosa Al3+
Bind bile acids anemia (in ren
Inhibit (NOT eradicate) H. pylori
ii. Sucralfate Sucrose octasulfate complexed Aluminium tox
with AlOH Binds other dru
Significance)
Heals ulcers
Prevents mucosal damage (NO altering
In acid secretion or buffering significantly)
Angiogenesis (GF binding)
Binds to injured tissue prevent access to
acid and pepsin
iii. Bismuth Bismuth subsalicylate Salicylate toxic
Suppresses H. Pylori NOT with Aspir
NOT ACTIVE in H. pylori negative ulcers
NO acid neutralization CI in RENAL FAILURE and ASPIRIN
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