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Rio Salado BIO202 Final Exam Questions Marking Scheme New Update

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Subido en 26 de julio de 2024
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Rio Salado BIO202 Final Exam Questions Marking Scheme New Update Alimentary organs - Answer -mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine Accessory digestive organs - Answer -teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, pancreas How many teeth do human adults hav e? - Answer -32 What teeth are most effective in chewing? - Answer -molars Mastication - Answer -chewing Deglutition - Answer -swallowing What is the name for the part of the mouth that your tongue presses against when swallowing? - Answer -hard palate Where does the small intestine extend from? - Answer -pyloric sphincter to the illeocecal valve Microvilli - Answer -increase surface area of the small intestine for nutrient absorption What do chief cells produce? - Answer -Pepsinogen Segmentation - Answer -mixes food with digestive juices and increases the efficiency of absorption by repeatedly moving different parts of the food mass over the intestinal wall Absorption - Answer -passage of digested end products from the lumen of the GI tract through the mucosal cells by active or passive transport into the blood or lymph; small intestine is the major absorptive site Defecation - Answer -eliminates indigestible substancese from the body via the anus in the form of feces What are the controls of the digestive system? - Answer -extrinsic and intrinsic What extends from each kidney? - Answer -a ureter Renal pyramids - Answer -cone shaped section in the medulla section of the kidney Kidney pelvis - Answer -flat, tunnel shaped tube that is continuous w ith the ureter Nephron - Answer -functional and structural unit of the kidney; each nephron is attached to a collecting duct Bowman's capsule - Answer -blind ended portion of the renal tubule, enclosing the glomerulus Glomerulus - Answer -a tuft of capi llaries supplying each nephron; site of filtration formation What does the renal tubule continue on to become? - Answer -the proximal convoluted tubules, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct Glomerular filtration rate - Answer -volume of filtrate formed each minute by all the nephrons Proximal convoluted tubule - Answer -primary site of tubular reabsorption Distal convoluted tubule - Answer -secondarily important site of tubular reabsorption Collecting duct - Answer -structure that conveys the processed filtrate (urine) to the renal pelvis Peritubular capillaries - Answer -blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells Glomerular capsule - Answer -its inner (visceral ) membrane forms part of the filtration membrane Trace the anatomical pathway from the glomerular capsule to the urethra - Answer -
Glomerular capsule --> proximal convoluted tubule --> loop of henle distal convoluted tubule --> collecting tubule --> papil lary duct --> minor calyx --> major calyx --> renal pelvis --> ureter --> bladder --> urethra Is the capillary bed high or low pressure? Why? - Answer -High-pressure because it is both fed and drained by arterioles and the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than the efferent arteriole Tubular secretion - Answer -process of moving substances from the tubule cells from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubule filtrate Renal capsule - Answer -smooth membrane; tightly adherent to the kidney surf ace Medulla - Answer -portion of the kidney containing mostly collecting ducts

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