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Mic 102 - Lecture 19 (Prokaryotic Diversity) with 100- correct answers 2024
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Mic 102 - Lecture 19 (Prokaryotic Diversity) with 100- correct answers 2024
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Mic 102 - Lecture 19(Prokaryotic Diversity)
with 100% correct
answers 2024
How do prokaryotes gain diversity?
In prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the introduction of
genetic material from one organism to another organism within the
same generation, is an important way to introduce genetic diversity
Some products that can promote prokaryotic diversity
antibiotics, beer/wine, soy sauce
what are common features do both bacteria and archaea share?
genetic code, ATP utilization, ribosome-mediated protein synthesis, &
cell membrane
What event led to the formation of the Mitochondria and Chloroplast?
Engulfment of a bacterium by an archaeon
The availability of energy spiked at events (such as the engulfment of a
bacterium by an archaeon), & this provided the opportunity for
_________________.
, rapid evolution
What did rapid evolution allow ?
(1)More energy available to maintain larger and larger genomes
(2)Formation of working motility systems leads to new environments
available to colonize
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain ________________ DNA
elements
protein-encoding
The origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts independently direct
__________________________.
DNA replication & division
What drives evolution?
mutation & selection
Which comes first, mutation or selection?
Do selective pressures induce mutations?
selective pressure does not cause mutations but rather determines
whether a mutation is advantageous or deleterious in a particular
environment.
do mutations arise independently and then become selected?
Classical experiments by Luria and Delbrück (the fluctuation test), used
lethal selections to show that mutants arise before selection and do
not require growth limitation for their formation.
How do mutations arise?
1) Mutations can occur RANDOMLY and get selected. (For example:
Flipping a quarter to get heads 5 times in a row. If flipped enough times,
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