Full marks WJEC Criminology Unit 1 AC1.3 model notes and answers. This document includes model answers to the AC1.3 question in the Unit 1 exam for criminology, that allowed me to achieve an overall A* in the exam! I hope it helps you do the same :)
AC1.3 EXPLAIN THE CONSEQUENCES OF UNREPORTED CRIME 4mark
Clear and detailed explanation (includes relevant examples) of the consequences of
unreported crime.
RIPPLE EFFECT
A consequence of unreported crime could be the ripple effect. This describes
the extended victims of a crime like friends and families. An example of the
ripple effect is seen in domestic abuse, where the children in the household
then feel it is acceptable and ‘normal’ to be violent. This can lead to them then
committing these crimes, rippling to friends, family, and possibly their kids in
the future. The positive consequences of the ripple effect are that it can
reduce moral panic and stop another ripple effect in that sense, so the media
and society feel somewhat normal. However, the negative consequences of
the ripple effect are that the immediate victim may not receive the correct
support from the authorities, giving it is not reported. And the perpetrator and
the community may feel they can ‘get away’ with it by avoiding the
consequences, increasing the confidence to commit more of that crime.
CULTURE DIFFERENCES
A consequence of unreported crime could be the differences in cultures. This is
where legal acts in one country may be illegal in another. As most the
population do not recognise practices in all religions, they may not feel obliged
to get involved and report it or follow the law in not committing that crime.
Culture difference is seen in honour killings as it is normalised in certain
cultures such as south Asian and middle eastern, where it is deemed legal.
However, in England, is highly criminal to the legal system and deviant to
British culture. A positive consequence of culture differences is that other
communities can have a wider understanding of other legal systems and
cultures. The negative consequence of this effect is that it contributes to the
‘dark figure of crime’; a term used by criminal experts to express the unknown
figure of crime that is unreported and therefore unrecorded. This is a negative
where it puts doubts into the efficiency of the official crimes data.
DECRIMINALISATION
A consequence of unreported crime could be decriminalisation, this is where a
crime becomes socially acceptable, and the authorities stop enforcing the laws
against it. This means changes to the law because it cannot be successfully
implemented, and the media/public awareness is minimal. For example, views
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