These notes helped me get into medical school, I completed my a levels at Guildford high school which consistently ranks among the top schools in the UK and is known for their academic rigour. I made these notes as a summary of the power points that we were taught off of.
condensation
proto-oncogenes
· addition base addea
promote normal
L reduced
accessible
expression > heterochromatin
>
-
-
enchromatin cell division but become
oncogenes copies
When mutated
2
inversion > section breaks
away
· -
+
tumor Suppressor
genes
Acetylation
re-attaches reversed
regulate rate of division
acetyl group donated to the histone
cancer is when there is uncontrolled cell growth leading to
from an acetyl coenzyme
the formation of a tumor
by permanent activation of an
DNA is
negatively charged
·
oncogene or
hypermethylation of the promotor region of
↓ ↑ positive
Acetylation =
charge
-
a tumor suppressor gene .
-
.: 4 attraction : ↓ transcription
RNA interference oestrogen diffuses easily into
↓
Meth lation 000000000000 the cell
Y SiRNA
more oestrogen produced after "II
000000000000
methyl group added to
cytosine molecules short double-stranded oestrogen binds to receptors
likely
V
more
·
:
menopause
blocks transcription factors from conformational
o
causing a
-
becomes unwound and pairs to
to
get
·
cancer
binding : ↓ transcription complimentary mRNA
segment
change in the
binding site
attracts protein that induces on the transcription factor
-
deacetylation ·
the complex cleaves to prevent
translation activating it. the transcription
Stem cells silencing it
totipotent zygote/early embryo any cell
, ,
miRNA
·D factor binds to the promotor
region of the DNA activating
pluripotent , cell but placenta
·
acts similarly
any
-
comes from RNA that
transcription
multipotent , limited differentiation
·
↳
has unintentionally folded
omnipotent ,
only a
single cell
type
back on itself
&-
S
Y
-SE
V
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