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Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 16th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora
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Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 16th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora
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TEST BANK For Principles of Anatomy and Physiology,16th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora
Answe the following as used in the Principles of Anatomy and Physiology?
Homeostasis - ANSWER:equilibrium; a steady state
Anatomy - ANSWER:The study of body structure
Physiology - ANSWER:the study of how the body and its parts work or function
Levels of structural organization - ANSWER:chemical level, cellular level, tissue level,
organ level, organ system level, organismal level
Clinical connections - ANSWER:Noninvasive diagnostic technique; palpation,
auscultation, and percussion are used to assess certain aspects of the body structure
and function
Basic Life Processes - ANSWER:metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth,
differentiation, reproduction
Body fluids and homeostasis - ANSWER:The survival of body cells is dependent on
the precise regulation of the chemical composition of their fluids
feedback mechanism - ANSWER:positive or negative responses caused by stimuli.
Positive- labor. Negative- blood pressure
disrupted homeostasis - ANSWER:Can result in disease, disorder, and even death
may result
body position - ANSWER:Anatomical position is a standardized method of observing
the body that allows precise and consistent anatomical reference
Regional names - ANSWER:names given to specific regions of the body for reference
Directional Terms - ANSWER:refer to location of a structure or the relative position
of a body part to another one
Planes of the body - ANSWER:Dividing the body into planes or flat surfaces is an
additional way to describe the body. (useful in CT scans, MRI, etc.)
Sagittal Plane, Midsagittal plane, Frontal plane, Transverse Plane
body cavities - ANSWER:spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and
support internal organs. Lined by serous membrane, covered by serous fluid.
thoracic cavity - ANSWER:pleural cavity and pericardial cavity. Lungs and heart
, abdominopelvic cavity - ANSWER:contains both the abdominal and pelvic cavities
serous membrane - ANSWER:thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities
and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; also called serosa
The peritoneum - ANSWER:Double-layered membrane surrounding the abdominal
organs
Electrolyte - ANSWER:A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that
conducts electric current
The 4 types of atoms that make up 96% of the human body are _____, _____, _____
and ______. - ANSWER:oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
Atoms are composed of: - ANSWER:protons, neutrons, electrons
atomic number - ANSWER:number of protons
mass number - ANSWER:the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of
an atom
Isotopes - ANSWER:Different mass number because of different number of neutrons
Orbitals - ANSWER:regions around the nucleus in which given electron or electron
pair is likely to be found
covalent bond - ANSWER:a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons
Ionic - ANSWER:transfer of electrons
covalent - ANSWER:sharing of electrons
ions - ANSWER:positively and negatively charged atoms
PH - ANSWER:proton concentration. ph<7 - acidic. ph>7 bases. pH= 7
endothermic reaction - ANSWER:A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat
exothermic reaction - ANSWER:A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
potential energy - ANSWER:Energy that is stored and held in readiness
kinetic energy - ANSWER:active energy of movement
Carbohydrates - ANSWER:primary source of energy. proteins, amino acids
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