Davis Advantage Basic fl fl
Nursing: Thinking, Doing,
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and Caring fl fl
3rd Edition Treas Wilkinson fl fl fl
Test Bank fl
Chapter 1 Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
Multiple Choice fl
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. What is the most influential factor that has shaped the fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
nursingprofession? 1)
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Physicians need for fl fl
handmaidens2)
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Societal need for healthcare outside the fl fl fl fl fl
home3)
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Military demand for nurses in the field fl fl fl fl fl fl
4)Germ theory influence on sanitation
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ANS: 3
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Throughout the centuries, stability of the government has been related to the success of
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themilitary to protect or extend its domain. As the survival and well-being of soldiers is
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critical, nurses provided healthcare to the sick and injured at the battle site. The
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physicians handmaiden was/is a nursing stereotype rather than an influence on nursing.
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Although there has been need for healthcare outside the home throughout history, this has
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more influence on the development of hospitals than on nursing; this need provided one
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more setting for nursing work. Germ theory and sanitation helped to improve healthcare
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but did not shape nursing.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: dm 910 KEY: Nursing process: N/A Client need: N/A
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|Cognitive level: Recall
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2. Which of the following is an example of an illness prevention activity? fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
Selectall that apply.
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1)
Encouraging the use of a food fl fl fl fl fl
diary2)
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,Joining a cancer support fl fl fl
group3)
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Administering immunization for fl fl
HPV4)
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Teaching a diabetic patient about his fl fl fl fl fl
dietANS: 3
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Administering immunization for HPV is an example of illness prevention. Although fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
canceris a disease, it is assumed that a person joining a support group would already have
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the disease; therefore, this is not disease prevention but treatment. Illness-prevention
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activities focus on avoiding a specific disease. A food diary is a health-promotion
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activity. Teaching a diabetic patient about diet is a treatment for diabetes; the patient
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already has diabetes, so it cannot prevent diabetes.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 18; high-level question, not directly stated in text
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KEY:Nursing process: N/A | Client need: HPM | Cognitive level: Application
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3. Which of the following contributions of Florence Nightingale had fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
animmediate impact on improving patients health?
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1)
Providing a clean fl fl
environment2)
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,Improving nursing fl
education3)
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Changing the delivery of care in fl fl fl fl fl
hospitals4)
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Establishing nursing as a distinct fl fl fl fl
professionANS: 1
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Improved sanitation (a clean environment) greatly and immediately reduced the rate
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ofinfection and mortality in hospitals. The other responses are all activities of Florence
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Nightingale that improved healthcare or nursing, but the impact is long range, not
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immediate.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: V1, p. 3; student must infer from content | V1, p. 10;
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studentmust infer from content
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KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
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4. All of the following are aspects of the full-spectrum nursing role. Which fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
oneis essential for the nurse to do in order to successfully carry out all the others?
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1)
Thinking and reasoning about the clients fl fl fl fl fl
care2)
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Providing hands-on client fl fl
care3)
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Carrying out physician fl fl
orders4)
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Delegating to assistive fl fl
flpersonnelANS: 1 fl fl
A substantial portion of the nursing role involves using clinical judgment, critical
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thinking, and problem solving, which directly affect the care the client will actually
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receive. Providing hands-on care is important; however, clinical judgment, critical
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thinking, and problem solving are essential to do it successfully. Carrying out
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physician orders is a small part of a nurses role; it, too, requires nursing assessment,
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planning, intervention, and evaluation. Many simple nursing tasks are being delegated
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to nursing assistive personnel; delegation requires careful analysis of patient status and
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the appropriateness of support personnel to deliver care. Another way to analyze this
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question is that none of the options of providing hands-on care, carrying out physician
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orders, and delegating to assistive personnel is required for the nurse to think and
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reasonabout a clients care; so the answer must be 1.
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PTS:1DIFifficultREF: p. 11 fl fl
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
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5. Which statement pertaining to Benners practice model for clinical competence fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
is
true?1)
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Progression through the stages is constant, with most nurses reaching the proficient stage. fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
2)
Progression through the stages involves continual development of thinking and fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
technicalskills.
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3)
The nurse must have experience in many areas before being considered an
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expert.4)
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The nurses progress through the stages is determined by years of experience and
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skills.ANS: 2
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Movement through the stages is not constant. Benners model is based on integration of fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
, knowledge, technical skill, and intuition in the development of clinical wisdom. The fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
model does not mention experience in many areas. The model does not mention years
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ofexperience.
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PTS:1DIF:ModerateREF:p. 15 fl
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
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6. Which of the following best explains why it is difficult for the fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
professionto develop a definition of nursing?
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1)
There are too many different and conflicting images of
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nurses.2)
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There are constant changes in healthcare and the activities of
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nurses.3)
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There is disagreement among the different nursing
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organizations.4)
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There are different education pathways and levels of
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practice.ANS: 2
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The conflicting images of nursing make it more important to develop a definition;
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theymay also make it more difficult, but not to the extent that constant change does.
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Healthcare is constantly changing and with it come changes in where, how, and what fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
nursing care is delivered. Constant changes make it difficult to develop a definition.
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Although different nursing organizations have different definitions, they are similar in
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most ways. The different education pathways affect entry into practice, not the
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definitionof nursing.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 11; How Is Nursing Defined?
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KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
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7. Nurses have the potential to be very influential in shaping fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
healthcarepolicy. Which of the following factors contributes most to nurses
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influence?
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1)
Nurses are the largest health professionalfl fl fl fl fl
group.2)
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Nurses have a long history of serving the fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
public.3)
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Nurses have achieved some independence from physicians in recent
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years.4)
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Political involvement has helped refute negative images portrayed in the
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media.ANS: 1
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Nurses are trusted professionals and the largest health professional group. As such,
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theyhave political power to effect changes. If nursing were a small group, there would
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be little potential for power in shaping policies, even if all the other answers were true.
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Serving the public, while positive, does not necessarily help nurses to be influential in
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establishing health policy. Independence from physicians, although positive, does not
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necessarily make nurses influential in establishing healthcare policy. Refuting
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negativemedia, although positive, does not necessarily make nurses influential in
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establishing healthcare policy.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 21
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KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
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8. Nursing was described as a distinct occupation in the sacred books fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl
ofwhich faith?
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1)
