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PHIL 333 UPDATED Actual Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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PHIL 333 UPDATED Actual Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers Cultural relativism - CORRECT ANSWER- there is no objective truth in ethics. Right and wrong are relative to an individual or a certain group. Objections to cultural relativism - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Difficult to discern right from wr...

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  • 26 de septiembre de 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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PHIL 333 UPDATED Actual Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Cultural relativism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔there is no objective truth in ethics. Right
and wrong are relative to an individual or a certain group.


Objections to cultural relativism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1. Difficult to discern right
from wrong. Same action is right in one culture and wrong in the other.
2. There are certain rules that seem to be universal in all cultures but this cannot be explained
through CR.


Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The right actions, laws policies promote the
greatest amount of net pleasure and the least amount of net pain, where everyone's pleasures
and pain receive equal consideration.


Consequentialism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The right act is entirely determined by its
consequences and the right act promotes the most net good and the least net bad.


Hedonism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The sole intrinsic good is pleasure and the sole
intrinsic bad is pain


Equal Consideration - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔No one's god is to be counted as more
important than anyone else's


Situational ethic - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Part of the consequentialist aspect of
utilitarianism. Whether an act is right or wrong depends on the particular situation.


Justice Objection to Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The Utilitarian choice
procedure sometimes recommends actions that are intuitively immoral/unethical, inasmuch as
the actions involve some sort of unfairness, injustice, or violation of rights.


Promises Objection to Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔we have an inability to
predict what the long-term consequences of actions can be therefore difficult to dicscern
utility of some choices.

, Experience Machine Objection to Hedonism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Invented by Robert
Nozick. A machine enables patient to experience endless pleasure. Hedonists would argue
that living in the machine is the best life. The experiment proves that pleasure is not the only
good thing in life.


Objection to Hedonism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Not all pleasures are inherently good
(peeping Tom)


Too demanding objection to Equal Consideration - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Utilitarian
does not recognize the importance of special relationships - family and friends could not
come before strangers if it produces more net good to help strangers.


Rule Utilitarianism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The right thing to do is to follow the best
rule and this will produced the most net good for all concerned. We must follow the
OPTIMIFIC RULE even if so doing will not cause the best consequences.


Deontology - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The idea that morality is doing one's moral duty
(type of non-consequentialist)


Kantian Good Will - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Doing acts not for an intended purpose, but
because it is the right thing to do. Acting based on the categorical imperative and respect for
morality.


Kantian ethics - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1) When actions have moral worth 2) certain
principles to determine when actions are morally wrong


Categorical imperative - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔imperatives that apply to everyone,
regardless of ultimate desires


Hypothetical imperative - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔"if you are thirsty, you ought to drink"



Universal law version of the categorical imperative - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔"Act only
on those maxims that you can, at the same time, will as universal law"

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