Biology IGCSE 0610
Vertebrates - ANS Animals with a hard internal skeleton with a backbone
Autotrophs - ANS Organisms that manufature food molecules from simple, inorganic sources
Fungi - ANS unicellular, multicellular, or syncytial spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter,
including moulds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools
Spores - ANS one celled reproductive unit that can give birth to a new individual without sexual fusion,
characteristic of fungi
Protists - ANS eukaryotic organisms that are unicellular and sometimes colonial or less often
multicellular and that typically include the protozoans, most algae
Mammals - ANS endothermic vertebrates, that have teeth in their mouth, fur, whiskers, and a pinna on
their ear
Movement - ANS an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place
Respiration - ANS The break down of nutrient molecules and release of energy through chemical
reactions in cells
Sensitivity - ANS ability to detect or sense stimuli in the environment
Nutrition - ANS taking in of materials for energy, growth and development
,Species - ANS largest group of organisms in which two individuals are capable of reproducing fertile
offspring, typically using sexual reproduction.
Osmosis - ANS Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane
Enzyme - ANS Biological Catalyst
hydrolysis - ANS large molecules are broken down into smaller ones weith the addition of water
polysacchrides - ANS are formed from many monosaccahrides, are insoluble and a good store of energy
waxy cuticle - ANS a lipid layer, waterproof
epidermis - ANS transparents, so sunlight can reach palisade cells
Limiting Factors - ANS Requirements of photosynthesis that are insufficient and therefore, limits the rate
of photosynthesis
Phloem - ANS The vascular tissue in plants which conducts sugars and other metabolic products
downwards from the leaves.
Xylem - ANS The vascular tissue in plants which conducts water and dissolved nutrients upwards from
the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.
Vascular Bundle - ANS A strand of conducting vessels in the stem or leaves of a plant, typically with
phloem on the outside and xylem on the inside.
, Flaccid - ANS Drooping or inelastic through lack of water.
Cytoplasm - ANS The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Vacuole - ANS A space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically
containing fluid.
Ribosomes - ANS A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in
the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and
proteins
Vesicles - ANS A small fluid-filled bladder, sac, cyst, or vacuole within the body.
Nucleus - ANS A dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure
bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.
Cell wall - ANS A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants,
fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose.
Ingestion - ANS The taking of substances into the body through the mouth
Mechanical Digestion - ANS Break down of food into smaller pieces without changing the food
chemically
Chemical Digestion - ANS Break down of large and insoluable molecules into small and soluable
molecules
Absorption - ANS Movement of small molecules and ions through the membrane of the small intestine
into the blood
Vertebrates - ANS Animals with a hard internal skeleton with a backbone
Autotrophs - ANS Organisms that manufature food molecules from simple, inorganic sources
Fungi - ANS unicellular, multicellular, or syncytial spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter,
including moulds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools
Spores - ANS one celled reproductive unit that can give birth to a new individual without sexual fusion,
characteristic of fungi
Protists - ANS eukaryotic organisms that are unicellular and sometimes colonial or less often
multicellular and that typically include the protozoans, most algae
Mammals - ANS endothermic vertebrates, that have teeth in their mouth, fur, whiskers, and a pinna on
their ear
Movement - ANS an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place
Respiration - ANS The break down of nutrient molecules and release of energy through chemical
reactions in cells
Sensitivity - ANS ability to detect or sense stimuli in the environment
Nutrition - ANS taking in of materials for energy, growth and development
,Species - ANS largest group of organisms in which two individuals are capable of reproducing fertile
offspring, typically using sexual reproduction.
Osmosis - ANS Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane
Enzyme - ANS Biological Catalyst
hydrolysis - ANS large molecules are broken down into smaller ones weith the addition of water
polysacchrides - ANS are formed from many monosaccahrides, are insoluble and a good store of energy
waxy cuticle - ANS a lipid layer, waterproof
epidermis - ANS transparents, so sunlight can reach palisade cells
Limiting Factors - ANS Requirements of photosynthesis that are insufficient and therefore, limits the rate
of photosynthesis
Phloem - ANS The vascular tissue in plants which conducts sugars and other metabolic products
downwards from the leaves.
Xylem - ANS The vascular tissue in plants which conducts water and dissolved nutrients upwards from
the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.
Vascular Bundle - ANS A strand of conducting vessels in the stem or leaves of a plant, typically with
phloem on the outside and xylem on the inside.
, Flaccid - ANS Drooping or inelastic through lack of water.
Cytoplasm - ANS The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Vacuole - ANS A space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically
containing fluid.
Ribosomes - ANS A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in
the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and
proteins
Vesicles - ANS A small fluid-filled bladder, sac, cyst, or vacuole within the body.
Nucleus - ANS A dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure
bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.
Cell wall - ANS A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants,
fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose.
Ingestion - ANS The taking of substances into the body through the mouth
Mechanical Digestion - ANS Break down of food into smaller pieces without changing the food
chemically
Chemical Digestion - ANS Break down of large and insoluable molecules into small and soluable
molecules
Absorption - ANS Movement of small molecules and ions through the membrane of the small intestine
into the blood
