ABDOMINAL CAVITY - CORRECT ANSWERS--The ________ _________ is the
region located between the diaphragm and sacral promontory.
-Together, the abdominal and pelvic cavities are commonly divided into four quadrants
or nine distinct regions.
-Contents of the abdominal cavity include the liver, gallbladder and biliary system,
pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, ureters, stomach, intestines, and vascular
structures.
anterior pararenal - CORRECT ANSWERS--The ________ ________ space is located
between the anterior surface of the renal fascia (Gerota's fascia) and the posterior
peritoneum.
-It contains the retroperitoneal portions of the ascending and descending colon, the
pancreas, and the duodenum.
Bile - CORRECT ANSWERS-_________ is an alkaline fluid formed within the liver and
stored in the gallbladder to be discharged into the duodenum for assistance in the
digestion and absorption of fats and elimination of cholesterol and bilirubin from the
body.
-It is collected for transport to the gallbladder by the intrahepatic bile ducts.
biliary system - CORRECT ANSWERS-The _______ _____ is composed of the
gallbladder and bile ducts (both intrahepatic and extrahepatic), which serve to drain the
liver of bile and store it until it is transported to the duodenum to aid in digestion.
body (of the pancreas) - CORRECT ANSWERS--The ________ is the largest and most
anterior portion of the pancreas, extending transversely to the left, anterior to the aorta
and superior mesenteric artery.
-The splenic vein runs along the posterior surface of the body on its route to the portal
splenic confluence.
-The ______ tapers superiorly and posteriorly into the pancreatic tail.
, Cholecystokinin (CCK) - CORRECT ANSWERS-___________ is secreted by cells in
the duodenum as a response to ingestion of fat and protein into the stomach or
duodenum.
common bile duct (CBD) - CORRECT ANSWERS--The CBD continues a caudal
descent along with the hepatic artery and portal vein within the hepatoduodenal
ligament.
-It curves slightly to the right, away from the portal vein, then courses posterior and
medial to the first part of the duodenum behind the head of the pancreas.
The ______ _____ _____ follows a groove on the posterior surface of the pancreatic
head, then pierces the medial wall of the second part of the duodenum along with the
main pancreatic duct (duct of Wirsung) through the ampulla of Vater.
-The ends of both ducts are surrounded by the circular muscle fibers of the sphincter of
Oddi.
common hepatic artery - CORRECT ANSWERS--The ________ _________
_________ usually arises as one of three branches off the celiac trunk, coursing to the
right to enter the lesser omentum anterior to the portal vein.
-It branches into the proper hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries just above the
duodenum.
-While within or just before entering the porta hepatis, the proper hepatic artery divides
into right and left hepatic arteries, which continue to branch and supply the lobes of the
liver.
coronary ligaments - CORRECT ANSWERS-The _______ ________ surround the
superior pole of the liver and attach the liver to the diaphragm, forming the margins of
the bare area
dual blood supply - CORRECT ANSWERS-The liver is unusual in that it has a _______
______ ________, receiving arterial blood (20%-25%) from the common hepatic artery
and nutrient-rich venous blood (75%- 80%) from the portal vein.
falciform ligament (of the liver) - CORRECT ANSWERS-The ______ ________ extends
from the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm, forming a plane that divides
the liver anatomically into right and left lobes.
-The ________ ________ provides the structural support that attaches the upper
surfaces of the liver to the diaphragm and upper abdominal wall.
fundus (of the gallbladder) - CORRECT ANSWERS--The _________ is the rounded
distal portion of the gallbladder sac that is frequently in contact with the anterior
abdominal wall.
-The widest portion, the body, gently tapers superiorly into the neck.
-The narrow neck lies to the right of the porta hepatis and continues as the cystic duct.
The neck contains circular muscles that create spiral folds within the mucosa called the
spiral valves of Heister.These valves are particularly prominent at the bend formed by
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