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Test Bank For Microbiology by OpenStax 978-1938168147 Chapter 1-26 Complete Guide.

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Test Bank For Microbiology by OpenStax 978-1938168147 Chapter 1-26 Complete Guide.

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  • 29 de octubre de 2024
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Chapter 1: An Invisible World b b b b




* = Correct answer
b b b




Multiple Choice
b b




1. Which of the following is true of the microbial world?
b b b b b b b b b



A. All microbes are harmful.
b b b



B. Humans could survive without microbes. b b b b



C. Many microbes are helpful.* b b b



D. Most microbes are pathogenic.
b b b




Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: 23, 24
b b b




2. Which of the following is when humans first suspected the existence of microbes?
b b b b b b b b b b b b



A. during the Industrial Revolution b b b



B. in prehistoric times*
b b



C. in the last century
b b b



D. within the last 500 years b b b b




Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: 23
b b b




3. Which individual first observed unicellular organisms, which he called
b b b b b b b b



“animalcules,” using a microscope he developed?
b b b b b b



A. Robert Koch b



B. Louis Pasteur b



C. Thucydides
D. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek* b b




Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: 6
b b b




4. To reduce the risk of open flame from Bunsen burners, microbiologists are
b b b b b b b b b b b



increasingly using which of the following devices for easy, rapid benchtop
b b b b b b b b b b b



sterilization of small pieces of equipment?
b b b b b b



A. autoclaves
B. ethylene oxide b



C. incubators
D. microincinerators*

Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: 36
b b b

,5. The Swedish botanist known for having developed an important biological
b b b b b b b b b



classification system is which of the following people?
b b b b b b b b



A. Ernst Haeckel b



B. Carolus Linnaeus* b



C. Louis Pasteur b



D. Robert Whittaker b




Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: N/A
b b b




6. Which kingdom was the only one found in Empire Prokaryota?
b b b b b b b b b



A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Monera*
D. Protista

Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: N/A
b b b




7. Which are the three currently accepted domains?
b b b b b b



A. Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya* b b b



B. Archaea, Prokaryota, and Eukaryota b b b



C. Bacteria, Fungi, and Protista b b b



D. Bacteria, Prokaryota, and Eukarya b b b




Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: N/A
b b b




8. Which two taxonomic units are typically used to identify an organism when using
b b b b b b b b b b b b



binomial nomenclature?
b b



A. domain and kingdom b b



B. genus and family b b



C. genus and species* b b



D. phylum and class b b




Difficulty: Easy b



ASM Standard: N/A
b b b




9. Which of the following is not true about the process of fermentation?
b b b b b b b b b b b



A. It can help preserve foods, preventing spoilage.
b b b b b b



B. It converts sugars to organic acids, alcohols, and/or gases such as carbon dioxide.
b b b b b b b b b b b b



C. It is carried out exclusively by unicellular eukaryotes such as yeast.*
b b b b b b b b b b



D. It is used to make foods such as cheese and bread.
b b b b b b b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 11, 23, 26
b b b b

,10. The Romans may have reduced their risk of waterborne infectious diseases by using
b b b b b b b b b b b b



bwhich of the following?
b b b



A. a variety of pharmaceutical products
b b b b



B. aqueducts and a sewer system* b b b b



C. prophylactic antibiotics b



D. quarantine of people with leprosy b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 23
b b b




11. For which of the following is Thucydides known?
b b b b b b b



A. developing an effective sewer system in ancient Greece, helping to reduce
b b b b b b b b b b



blevels of disease in cities
b b b b



B. observing microbes, using a microscope, for the first time, even distinguishing
b b b b b b b b b b



bbetween bacteria and fungi b b b



C. proposing that disease was caused by microorganisms b b b b b b



D. realizing that people who had been infected by the Athenian plague had
b b b b b b b b b b b




bimmunity to reinfection* b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 23, 31
b b b b




12. Ernst Haeckel proposed a classification system consisting of which of the
b b b b b b b b b b



bfollowing subgroups? b



A. five kingdoms
b



B. four kingdoms* b



C. two domains and three kingdoms
b b b b



D. two domains and five kingdoms
b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: N/A
b b b




13. Viruses not included in phylogenetic trees for which of the following reasons?
b b b b b b b b b b b



A. It is too difficult to observe their characteristics.
b b b b b b b



B. They are acellular and nonliving.*
b b b b



C. They do not have any genes, which prevents genetic analysis.
b b b b b b b b b



D. They lack a nucleus. b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 5
b b b




14. Which is the best description of the primary purpose of a phylogeny?
b b b b b b b b b b b



A. Phylogenies show all the alterative names for each species. b b b b b b b b



B. Phylogenies show all the common names for each species. b b b b b b b b



C. Phylogenies show evolutionary relatedness between organisms.* b b b b b

, D. Phylogenies show interactions between species in a shared habitat. b b b b b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 5
b b b




15. Current phylogenetic analyses include which of the following?
b b b b b b b



A. information from a range of sources, including morphological, genetic, and
b b b b b b b b b



bbiochemical data* b



B. information on visible similarities only b b b b



C. information regarding how to classify organisms on the basis of external
b b b b b b b b b b



bmorphological characteristics and visible behaviors b b b b



D. varied morphological and structural characteristics, with preference for leaving
b b b b b b b b




bhistorical classifications to prevent confusion
b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 5
b b b




16. Diatoms are classified within which of the following domains?
b b b b b b b b



A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. Eukarya*
D. Prokaryota

Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: N/A
b b b




17. Horizontal gene transfer involves which of the following?
b b b b b b b



A. any transfer of genes in a laboratory setting
b b b b b b b



B. the transfer of genes from a virus to a bacterium or vice versa but not any
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b



bother form of gene transfer
b b b b



C. the transfer of genes from one individual to another, including from one
b b b b b b b b b b b



bspecies to another, but not from parent to offspring*
b b b b b b b b



D. the transfer of genes from parent to offspring
b b b b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 2, 4
b b b b




18. Bacteria are generally identified to species by using which of the following?
b b b b b b b b b b b



A. a combination of genetic, biochemical, and microscopic approaches*
b b b b b b b



B. a combination of microscopic and physiological approaches, but not genetics
b b b b b b b b b



C. primarily characteristics such as motility that can be visualized using microscopy
b b b b b b b b b b



D. primarily morphological characteristics of individual cells
b b b b b




Difficulty: Moderate b



ASM Standard: 34, 36
b b b b

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