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OCR A Level History AY101/01 Alfred and the Making of England 871–1016 MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME FOR JUNE 2024

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OCR A Level History AY101/01 Alfred and the Making of England 871–1016 MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME FOR JUNE 2024

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  • 10 de noviembre de 2024
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Friday 7 June 2024 – Afternoon
A Level History A
Y101/01 Alfred and the Making of England 871–1016
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes




Turn over

, 2

Section A

Alfred the Great

Study the four sources and answer Question 1.


1 ‘The Vikings were a serious threat to Alfred’s power.’

Use the four sources in their historical context to assess how far they support this view. [30]


Source A: Alfred’s biographer outlines the situation in 878.
© translated by Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge, Alfred the Great, page 83, Penguin, 1984. From first line " The Viking army left Exeter and went to Chippenham" to last line " He had nothing to live on except what he could forage." Item removed due to third party copyright restrictions.




Source B: A chronicler gives an account of the Viking attacks in 885.

The Viking army landed in Kent and laid siege to Rochester. They ran up a strong fort before the city
gate, but were unable to storm the place as the citizens made a stout resistance until King Alfred
came to their relief with a powerful force. On the king’s sudden arrival, the Vikings abandoned their
fort, leaving behind them all the horses they had brought with them from France. They released all
their prisoners and fled to their ships. The same year Alfred sailed with a fleet from Kent to East
Anglia. They fell in with sixteen Viking ships. A naval engagement ensued and after desperate fighting
on both sides, the Vikings were all slain. But, while the royal fleet was retiring in triumph, the Vikings
who lived in the Eastern part of England, collected ships from all quarters and met the royal fleet at
sea and after a naval battle gained the victory.

Florence of Worcester, Chronicle, written before 1118.


Source C: A chronicler describes how warfare broke out again in 893.

After England had rejoiced for thirteen years in the tranquility of peace and in the fertility of her soil,
the northern pest of barbarians returned again. With them returned war and slaughter. There arose
again conspiracies in East Anglia and Northumberland, but neither the invaders nor defenders
experienced the same outcome as in former years. The Vikings, reduced in numbers by fighting in
other parts, were less strong in their invasions, while the defenders now experienced in war and
encouraged by the king were not only more ready to resist, but also to attack. The king himself was,
with his usual activity, present in every action and, at the same time, inspiring his subjects with the
display of his courage.

William of Malmesbury, Chronicle of the Kings of England, written before 1143.




© OCR 2024 Y101/01 Jun24

, 3

Source D: An English chronicle outlines events in 894.

While Alfred was busy in the west, the Vikings gathered their forces together in Essex. They went up
the Thames and a great number joined them, both from East Anglia and Northumbria. They advanced
up the Thames until they reached the Severn. Meanwhile, the aldermen and the king’s thegns
assembled from all parts and overtook the rear of the enemy on the banks of the Severn and there
besieged them with a fortress on both sides of the river. They sat there for many weeks on both sides
of the water. Then the enemy were weighed down with famine. They devoured the greater part of their
horses and the rest perished with hunger.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 894.




© OCR 2024 Y101/01 Jun24 Turn over

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