AQA • A Level Chemistry

Organic analysis in A-Level Chemistry under the AQA specification involves the identification and characterization of organic compounds using a variety of techniques. Here’s a brief summary of the key aspects: 1. Functional Group Analysis Test for Alkenes: Bromine water test. Alkenes decolorize bromine water (from orange to colorless). Test for Alcohols: Primary and Secondary Alcohols: Oxidation with acidified potassium dichromate (orange to green). Tertiary Alcohols: No reaction with a...

Alcohols are a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to a carbon atom. Here are the key points about alcohols relevant to A-level chemistry: Structure and Classification General Formula: The general formula for alcohols is C n H 2 n + 1 O H C n ​ H 2n+1 ​ OH. Functional Group: The defining feature of alcohols is the hydroxyl (-OH) group. Classification: Alcohols are classified based on the number of...

Alkenes are a class of hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). Here are the key points about alkenes: Structure General Formula: The general formula for alkenes is C n H 2 n C n ​ H 2n ​ , where n n is the number of carbon atoms. Double Bond: The presence of a carbon-carbon double bond defines alkenes. This double bond consists of one sigma (σ) bond and one pi (π) bond. Nomenclature Naming: Alkenes are named by identifying the lo...

Oxidation, reduction, and redox equations are fundamental concepts in chemistry, particularly in the study of chemical reactions involving electron transfer. Oxidation Definition: Oxidation is the process where an atom, ion, or molecule loses one or more electrons. Oxidation State: The oxidation state (or oxidation number) of the species increases. Example: In the reaction Fe → Fe 2 + + 2 e − Fe→Fe 2+ +2e − , iron (Fe) is oxidized to iron(II) ion (Fe²⁺). Redu...

Chemical equilibrium occurs in a chemical reaction when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products. At equilibrium, the system is dynamic, meaning the reactions continue to occur, but the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant over time. The equilibrium constant, K c K c ​ , is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products t...

Digital notes on Period 3 oxides for AQA A-level chemistry, unit 3.2.4. It contains the trends across period 3, reactions of period 3 oxides as well as tips on answering exam questions on this topic. Notes are easy to read and neatly laid out. (Actual PDF is in a normal layout - different to preview on Stuvia).

In depth notes on the 'Transition metals' topic for the AQA A-Level Chemistry course. Includes detailed explanations, equations with observations and key concepts to learn for the exam, Specifically goes through catalysts, oxidation states, ligand substitution, and complex formation. Written by an A* student.

In depth notes on the 'Redox' topic of the AQA A-Level Chemistry course. Includes key definitions, detailed explanations, and equations.

In depth notes on the 'Reactions of Ions in Aqueous Solution' topic in the AQA A-Level Chemistry course. Includes observations and equations for memorisation, and a summary page. Written by an A* student.

In depth notes on the 'Rate equations' topic of the AQA A-Level Chemistry course. Includes examples, detailed explanations and definitions, including for the rate determining step.