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Summary A Level Biology OCR A - The Kidney and Osmoregulation
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notes on the kidney and osmoregulation that helped me achieve an A* in biology
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🌻15.6 The Kidney and
Osmoregulation
Class Bio
Created @May 1, 2021 10:17 AM
Date of Exam @May 10, 2021
Exam Questions done?
Reviewed
Teacher Mrs Batchelor
Type Sub-topic
The mammalian kidney has a vital excretory function - it
removes urea, the nitrogenous waste product of metabolism from
the body. The kidney, however, also plays another important
homeostatic role in the body - it is the main organ of
osmoregulation. This involves controlling the water potential
of the blood within very narrow boundaries, regardless of the
activities of the body. It is very important to keep the water
potential of the tissue fluid as stable as possible, because
15.6 The Kidney and Osmoregulation 1
, if water moves into or out of the cells by osmosis it can
cause damage and even death.
osmoregulation
Every day the body has to deal with many unpredictable events.
The water potential of the blood has to be maintained
regardless of the water and solutes taken in as you eat and
drink, and the water and mineral salts lost by sweating, in
defecation, and in the urine. Changing the concentration of
the urine is essential in this dynamic equilibrium. The amount
of water lost in the urine is controlled by ADH in a negative
feedback system. ADH is produced by the hypothalamus and
secreted into the posterior pituitary gland, where it is
stored. ADH increases the permeability of the distal
convoluted tubule and, most importantly, the collecting duct
to water.
the mechanism of adh action
ADH is released from the pituitary gland and carried in the
blood to the cells of the collecting duct where it has its
effect.
15.6 The Kidney and Osmoregulation 2
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