Hard Questions on RBT Practice Exam with complete solutions

Measures results that produce an observable product in the environment. Main advantage: Easy to use - Answer- Indirect Outcome Recording Observation of the data, and recording it as it occurs - Answer- Direct Measurement When we re-present the original SD and then use a lesser prompt than the first - Answer- Transfer Trial A schedule of reinforcement after a fixed level of responses. Ex: reinforce after every 5th correct. - Answer- Fixed Ratio Schedule Variables in the environment that alter the relative value of a particular reinforcer at a particular time. - Answer- Motivating Operations The reinforcer is delivered for the first response that occurs after an unpredictable amount of time has passed. Ex: checking your email - you probably do this periodically throughout the day without a set schedule - Answer- Variable Interval Schedule Treatment that practices engaging in successive approximations toward the target behavior. This treatment is often paired with anxiety reduction exercises and positive reinforcement. - Answer- Systematic Desensitization When the reinforcer is delivered only for the target behavior it is more effective - Answer- Contingency A specific sequence of responses with each sequence associated with a particular stimulus condition - Answer- Chaining Involves checking off an interval if the behavior occurs at ANY point within the interval - even if it only occured for 1 second. You can use this for self-stimulatory behaviors or behaviors that don't look the same every time. An overexaggeration of the behavior, you use this method to decrease behavior. - Answer- Partial Interval Recording Shows the individual when they are finished or when something new is going to happen, like a transition. Ex: timer, token board, first/then board. More likely to stay on task if they can see when - Answer- Means to an End Visual Repeated pairing of a neutral stimulus with a reinforcing stimulus, neutral stimulus becomes conditioned as a reinforcer, increase in responding partially attributed to automatic reinforcement - Answer- Stimulus Pairing The learner is required to repair the situation to its original state - Answer- Restitutional overcorrection An average number of responses must be made before delivery of reinforcement. Ex: slot machine - Answer- Variable Ratio Schedule Behavior is observed continuously throughout the observation period, and each instance of the behavior is recorded immediately as it occurs. Must meet two criteria: Does the behavior look the same every time? Does the behavior have a clear beginning and end? - Answer- Event Recording Requires one response and two antecedant stimulus conditions. The response in the presence of one stimulus is reinforced while a response in the presence of the other is not. We are teaching them to make choices. - Answer- Discrimination Training Responding to the mands of another. This is receptive language, it is not verbal behavior. (ex looking at an item when it is named) - Answer- Listener Responding Instead of relying on memory data is gathered immediately as the behavior occurs or as it produces results - Answer- Direct Outcome Recording Used to maintain behavior once a skill is acquired. Behavior is only reinforced some of the time. They generate high response rates and prevent behavior from stopping. - Answer- Intermittent Schedule Teaches the student to pair the stimulus with reinforcement. Once it is paired you mix it up with other stimuli (distractors). - Answer- Isolation Demand, command, asking or requesting. Asking for what one wants, then as a consequence getting it, acts as immediate reinforcement for using communication. The training directly benefits the learner - Answer- Mand Working one on one with a student, breaking tasks down into small steps until mastery. - Answer- Discrete Trial Instruction Follows a behavior that increases that behavior - Answer- Reinforcement Contingent on the target behavior, the individual must engage in a tedius task directly related to the problem. - Answer- Overcorrection Behavior is observed continuously throughout the observation period, and each instance of the behavior is recorded immediately as it occurs. Must meet two criteria: Does the behavior look the same every time? Does the behavior have a clear beginning and end? - Answer- Event Recording Usually used with teaching new behaviors because it provides little opportunity for errors - Answer- Most to Least Prompting Teaches student to easily transition by reinforcing systematic steps. First, you contrive transition by situations such as moving from one chair to another. - Answer- Transition Program