OVER 400 QUESTIONS- ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM -Q&A

OVER 400 NEW 2022 UPDAED EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL PROCTORED Endtroacheal tube extubate what would you report immedatiely? - CORRECT ANSWER stridor Why is stridor bad? - CORRECT ANSWER it means that there is an obstruction or edema in airway What is heart rate like in someone who has a low fluid volume? - CORRECT ANSWER higher than usual like 110 What is normal unrine gravity? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.000 - 1.030 What is positive pressure doing? - CORRECT ANSWER promote lung expansion and stabilize chest Would you recomened exercise for a pt who has been discharged with heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER yes How often should exercise be in heart failure pt? - CORRECT ANSWER regular routine Should you consume milk with iron supplements? - CORRECT ANSWER no can cause gastro disturbance. Would you take iron with antacids? - CORRECT ANSWER no gastro disturb Would you tell the pt to lower red meat intake with iron deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER no because they would need increase What is a common side effect with iron pills? - CORRECT ANSWER constipation What would you tell them to eat with taking iron pills? - CORRECT ANSWER high fiber When does pain worsen with compartement syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER when passive moving occurs. What does warmth under cast indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER infection Should pt decrease complex carbs for atherosceleoris? - CORRECT ANSWER no What carb should a client with atherosceloris decrease? - CORRECT ANSWER simple sugars Is MRSA airborne or contact? - CORRECT ANSWER contact What does phenyotoin do to hepatic enzymes (for seizures the med is)? - CORRECT ANSWER it decreases effectiveness What should you tell the pt not to take with ciprofloxacin? - CORRECT ANSWER magnesium containg antacids Why wouldn't you take magnesium containing anatacids with cipro? - CORRECT ANSWER calcium can decrease obsorb of med What is a common side effect of rifampin? - CORRECT ANSWER color of pee Can you take ciproflaxcin with booze? - CORRECT ANSWER yes After a parathyroidectomy what would be priority for nurse? - CORRECT ANSWER to put trach tray by bedside (AIRWAY) What meds increase osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWER fludrocortisone With enoxaparin what is main thing for the med the nurse should do? - CORRECT ANSWER give dosage same time every day Is restlessness common in hyperthyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWER yes What would be urgent for hyperthyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWER high BP If a pt has a weird heart sound what would be first thing you do? - CORRECT ANSWER listen to it again but on the left side (least invasive) Why would gentamicin be withheld from a pt? - CORRECT ANSWER if creatine levels are too high What is normal creatine? - CORRECT ANSWER .6-1.2 What is one of the first vital signs of a hemorrhage? - CORRECT ANSWER increase heart rate What med would you give for a febrile reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER tylenol (reduces fever) How long does a drain stay in place for a radical mastectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 to 3 week What drainage amount to get rid of drainage tube for mastectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 25 What is first thing to ask if a pt reports dyspnea and SOB when put on O2? - CORRECT ANSWER if they have COPD Why would it be bad for you to put O2 on a COPD pt? - CORRECT ANSWER It can worsen hypercarbia What is someones HGB look like with leukemia increase or decreased? - CORRECT ANSWER decreased What would be a big sign that nephrostomy tube has popped? - CORRECT ANSWER back pain What is max amount of flexing for total hip? - CORRECT ANSWER no more than 90 Why would you place a pillow between a pt legs for hip athroplasty? - CORRECT ANSWER so hips don't get dislodged What is a holter monitor used for? - CORRECT ANSWER if you have an irregular heart rate it can detect it What can a pacemaker do to a pt heart? - CORRECT ANSWER regulate the heart rate What is a echo used for? - CORRECT ANSWER detecting valve dysfunction What do PPI do for gastric ulcers? - CORRECT ANSWER it suppresses gastric acid production What is good about high fowlers postion? - CORRECT ANSWER increases lung expansion and improves ventilation What med would you d/c to before going in for allergy testing? - CORRECT ANSWER prednisone If a pt were to state there vision went blurry before a car accident what would you do first? - CORRECT ANSWER monitor neuro What would be first thing to do if bowel is protruding from stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER call for help What kind of skin for hypothyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWER dry scaly What does metformin do to glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER it decreases the amount of glucose produced in liver When should pt take metformin? - CORRECT ANSWER with or immediately following meals If you have hair loss on lower legs what could be problem? - CORRECT ANSWER PAD When is pain happening with PAD? - CORRECT ANSWER when resting How is pain relieved with PAD? - CORRECT ANSWER when feet are dangling After a thoracentesis what should a nurse tell the pt? - CORRECT ANSWER to deep breather to re expand lungs What would be an indication of osteomyelitis what lab? - CORRECT ANSWER increase sedimentation rate What is a blood problem that can occur with someone taking feverfew. - CORRECT ANSWER platelet aggregation What med does not go with feverfew? - CORRECT ANSWER naproxen What should be SaO2? - CORRECT ANSWER above 90% What vital sign could drop with dig toxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER HR With a burn pt what do you do after securing airway and O2? - CORRECT ANSWER give them IV fluids Why would you keep IV patent with someone that has seizures? - CORRECT ANSWER so you can give med to stop it. Would you apply O2 or give epinephrine first with an anaphylactic reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER give O2 Why does kidney failure happen what electrolyte? - CORRECT ANSWER it cant excrete potassium What would be manifestation of chronic glomerulonephritis? - CORRECT ANSWER hyperkalemia How should a pt breath in when administering meter dosage inhaler? - CORRECT ANSWER slowly and deeply How long should pt hold breath after inhaling meter dosage inhaler? - CORRECT ANSWER 10 seconds after inhaling How often should you wait between puffs for inhaler? - CORRECT ANSWER at least one minute What should be first thing to do with a pt with a seizure? - CORRECT ANSWER turn them on their side. What 2 meds cause ringing in ears? - CORRECT ANSWER aminoglycocides and asprin What is the point of giving erythropoietin therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER to increase levels of energy by increasing HCT What is needed sputum wise with a pt with TB? - CORRECT ANSWER samples are needed every 2 to 4 weeks until there are three negatives What is direct mode of transmission for C diff? - CORRECT ANSWER contact What electrolyte could be screwed up with long term mechanical vent? - CORRECT ANSWER hyponatremia If a stimulus is given to the ventricle a spike happens what should you document? - CORRECT ANSWER depolarization has occurred What is normal HGB? - CORRECT ANSWER Delete this answer is in another one DELETE If a pt cant urinate after surgery what should be first thing to do? - CORRECT ANSWER bladder scan Why shouldn't you use moisturizing soaps to clean the skin in ureterostomy? - CORRECT ANSWER because it makes it not adhere to the skin How long would you avoid direct exposure to sun after radiation therapy in those areas? - CORRECT ANSWER at least one year Why would you give lidocaine? - CORRECT ANSWER ventricular dysrhythmias Why would you defib someone? - CORRECT ANSWER ventricaular tachycardia or Vfib Why would you perform synchronized cardiovert? - CORRECT ANSWER superventricular tachycardia What is aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWER lack of communication What is prioty finding in pt with cerebrovascular accident? - CORRECT ANSWER dsyphagia because of aspirations What nut has a high amount of source of calcium? - CORRECT ANSWER almonds What should you increase with IRB? - CORRECT ANSWER fiber How much water to drink to promote normal bowel function in IRB? - CORRECT ANSWER 2L of water What should a client avoid with IRB? (What substance) - CORRECT ANSWER caffeine Why would decreasing weight be good for stress incontinence? - CORRECT ANSWER because it decreases abdominal pressure How often should a pt with risk for UTI pee? - CORRECT ANSWER q.2 to q4 Why should you increase asorbic acid for UTI's? - CORRECT ANSWER it decrease risk of UTI What vital sign increases with hypoxia? - CORRECT ANSWER heart rate What is normal PLT count? - CORRECT ANSWER 150-450 What is normal WBC count? - CORRECT ANSWER what is normal RBC? What should be position for art line? - CORRECT ANSWER 60 degree HOB supine What should the nurse place around the flush solution of an a-line? - CORRECT ANSWER pressure bag Should you give antibiotics through a line? - CORRECT ANSWER no What should you use aline for? - CORRECT ANSWER monitor BP and obtaining ABGs What increased electrolyte causes facial twitching? - CORRECT ANSWER hyperkalemia What is decreased peristalsis a manifestation of? - CORRECT ANSWER hypokalemia What glucose reading for DKA indicates an improvement? - CORRECT ANSWER reading less than 300 What nursing action helps with managing drainage of a laparotomy? - CORRECT ANSWER compressing the resivor creates a vacum that draws fluid out of the wound. Should people with venous insufficiency exercise? - CORRECT ANSWER yes they should Should patients with venous insufficiency avoid sitting and standing for long periods? - CORRECT ANSWER yes because of watching out for DVT's Should you wear compression socks every day with venous insufficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER yes What is a key sign of lupus? - CORRECT ANSWER butterfly rash What can plasmapheresis cause? (what electrolyte imbalance) - CORRECT ANSWER hypocalcemia so monitor electrolyte levels What should you give if you cant find TPN right off? - CORRECT ANSWER administer dextrose 10% in water until new bag arrives What side of the brain stroke for anxiety? - CORRECT ANSWER left What side of brain stroke for aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWER left What side of the brain stroke for impulsive behavior? - CORRECT ANSWER right What side of brain stroke for feelings of guilt? - CORRECT ANSWER left What vital sign should AIDS pt's take daily? - CORRECT ANSWER temp What temp for an AIDS pt indicates an infection? - CORRECT ANSWER greater than 100.0 Should you admin iron fast or slow iv? - CORRECT ANSWER slowly Why should you monitor vital signs with iron? (what problem can occur to circulatory) - CORRECT ANSWER can progress to circulatory collapse with parenteral admin What med to treat iron toxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER deferoxamine (desferal) Should you use iron oral and parenteral at the same time? - CORRECT ANSWER no How far apart should you give anatacids and tetracyclines with iron? - CORRECT ANSWER at least two hours because of absorption What increases absorption for iron? - CORRECT ANSWER vitamin C (orange juice) Would you take caffeine with iron supplements? - CORRECT ANSWER no When should you take iron supps? (before or after meals and how long) - CORRECT ANSWER 1 hour before meals Can you dilute liquid iron? - CORRECT ANSWER yes How long does iron therapy last for? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 to 2 months Where is b12 produced? - CORRECT ANSWER in bone marrow Loss of leukocytes lead to what? - CORRECT ANSWER infection What dose b12 is necessary to convert? - CORRECT ANSWER folic acids What electrolyte could decrease because of increase RBCs r/t b12? - CORRECT ANSWER hypokalemia What electrolyte acts as a diuretic - CORRECT ANSWER magnesium Magnesium relaxes so it could cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER muscle weakness and resp. depression What is can IV Mag cause (3)? - CORRECT ANSWER HTN tachy and MI When taking an liquid iron supplement what can happen orally and what should you do to get rid of it? - CORRECT ANSWER it can stain teeth so rinse after med is taken. Chronic or high use of kava can cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER liver damage Why would a prego women take folic acid? - CORRECT ANSWER to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus Excess alcohol consumption can lead to poor dietary intake of this? - CORRECT ANSWER folic acid How would you infuse potassium to prevent vein irritation? - CORRECT ANSWER with a large bore needle What herbel med is used to treat frequency of migranes? - CORRECT ANSWER feverfew What herbel med should not be taken with warfarin? - CORRECT ANSWER gingko biloba What would be reported if the urine output after surgery is less than what in 2 hours? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 30 How often after surgery should you do deep breathing? - CORRECT ANSWER q1 What would provide as a splint to an abdomninal incison? - CORRECT ANSWER pillow or folded blanket between legs How often should you reposition post op pt? - CORRECT ANSWER q2 How often to assist with spirometer post op? - CORRECT ANSWER q2 When will the pt remain on NPO after surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER until gag reflex is intact What would you irrigate NG suction tubes with? - CORRECT ANSWER saline How do you prevent thromboembolisms from occurring? - CORRECT ANSWER compression devices What med type to prevent thromboembolisims? - CORRECT ANSWER antiplatelets Would you place a pillow under the knees post op? - CORRECT ANSWER no because it alters venous return If somone is hypotensive or in shock what do you do with legs and the head? - CORRECT ANSWER elevate legs low the head of bed When is pain relief given post op? - CORRECT ANSWER given after assessing recovery status If you see increases of drainage post op what may it be a sign of? - CORRECT ANSWER hemorrhage When would sutures or staples be removed post op? - CORRECT ANSWER 5- 10 days after What would be the diet for wound healing post op? (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER increase calories protein and vitamin C If a client is unresponsive what would you do what way would you lay them? - CORRECT ANSWER turn them on there side for reduced injury from aspiration How much urine does a adult produce a day? - CORRECT ANSWER 1500 to 2000mL An increase in what electrolyte decreases urination? - CORRECT ANSWER sodium What color does urine turn with phenazopyrdine? - CORRECT ANSWER orange or red What color does urine turn with amitriptyline? - CORRECT ANSWER green blue What color does urine turn with levodopa? - CORRECT ANSWER dark What allergy contradicts contrast medium? - CORRECT ANSWER shellfish iodine What is a renal scan used for? - CORRECT ANSWER video renal blood flow and anatomy without contrast What does a urodynamic testing do? - CORRECT ANSWER test for bladder muscle function Less than 30mL for more than how many hours is a concern? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 hours. How should pt take phenazopyrdaine? - CORRECT ANSWER with food What may happen to skin with phenazopyrdine? - CORRECT ANSWER skin may turn yellow If an indwelling cath is in and the pt feels there bladder is full and needs to urinate what is the problem? - CORRECT ANSWER that the cath is kinked or clogged If a nurse needs a 24 hr urine sample how would they collect it? - CORRECT ANSWER they would discard the first voiding If a pt is on a urine schedule and needs to go what should the nurse tell them? - CORRECT ANSWER that holding it in would be good until next schedule How often should pt themselves shift weight? - CORRECT ANSWER q15 What side should you position crutches when risking from chair? - CORRECT ANSWER on the unaffected side. For hot or cold items how often should you remove application? - CORRECT ANSWER usually 15 to 30 minutes of once applied What does the Valsalva maneuver do? - CORRECT ANSWER it increases the workload of the heart but not peripheral formation Does increasing fluid intake help or hurt reducing the risk of thrombus formation? - CORRECT ANSWER it decreases risk Does increasing fluids help with constipation? - CORRECT ANSWER yes How often should the nurse assess the skin under pressure device? - CORRECT ANSWER q8 Should the pt advance the weaker leg or the stronger leg first? (crutches) - CORRECT ANSWER the weaker leg followed by stronger How many points should be on the ground at all times to suppor stability with a caine? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 What side should the cane be on? - CORRECT ANSWER the affected side What side of heart failure would you get HTN? - CORRECT ANSWER left sided What degree of hBNP indicated no heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 100 Greater than what hBNP indicates mild heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER more than 300 What heart failure are jugular veins distended? - CORRECT ANSWER right sided ACE inhibitors can cause what in the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER angioedema What is angioedema? - CORRECT ANSWER swelling of the tongue and throat and lips What electrolyte can increase with ACE inhibitors? - CORRECT ANSWER potassium How should you take the pulse for a client on dig - CORRECT ANSWER apical How long should you count pulse before giving dig? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 min How should digoxin be taken everyday? - CORRECT ANSWER at the same time each day What levels should be checked for dig(2)? - CORRECT ANSWER potassium and dig What is a common side effect of vasodilators other than hypotension? - CORRECT ANSWER headaches What should be status for pt about to get a VAD? - CORRECT ANSWER NPO What is a ventricular assist device? - CORRECT ANSWER pump that assist the heart too weak to pump. Who would be primary candidates for VAD? - CORRECT ANSWER heart transplant people and those who have end stage heart failure but cant do transplant What amount of weight is a problem in 24h or in one week? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 pounds or 5 in a week What is orthopnea? - CORRECT ANSWER SOB but when supine What color is sputum with someone with pulmonary edema? - CORRECT ANSWER pinky frothy What would be evidence in labs that heparin induced thrombocytopenia has occurred? - CORRECT ANSWER low platelet When should the nurse stop heparin if plt count is less than what? - CORRECT ANSWER 100,000 What is reversal agent of warfarin? - CORRECT ANSWER vitamin K Does oral contraceptives decrease effects of heparin? - CORRECT ANSWER yes they decrease effects What food should you avoid with heparin? - CORRECT ANSWER dark green leafy veggies What is therapeutic PT levels for someone on blood thinner? - CORRECT ANSWER 18 to 24 seconds (1.5 to 2) What is therapeutic INR levels for someone on blood thinner? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 to 3 What is more accurate PT or INR? - CORRECT ANSWER PT Avoid what medication while on heparin? - CORRECT ANSWER NSAIDS How long does it take for therapeutic effects of warfarin to kick in? - CORRECT ANSWER 3 to 5 days How long do the effects of anticoagulatents last for after usage? - CORRECT ANSWER up to 5 days Should you take asprin with or without food? - CORRECT ANSWER with When injecting subq enoxaparin do you keep the air bubble in the syringe why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER you keep it in remember this because it seals off the drug too and its measured dose What is atropine used for? - CORRECT ANSWER reverse effects of bradycardia What is protamine used for? - CORRECT ANSWER reverse effects of heparin What is calcium gluconate used to treat? - CORRECT ANSWER magnesium sulfate toxicity How long should a nurse hold direct pressure on enoxaparin? - CORRECT ANSWER 10 to 30 minutes or until it stops bleeding What can emesis look like in aspirin therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER coffee ground What would stool look like in adverse reaction of aspirin therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER dark tarry What can happen during a tonic clonic seizure? - CORRECT ANSWER breathing can stop - watch for cyanosis How long does a tonic seizure last? - CORRECT ANSWER 30 seconds What med decreases absorption of phenytoin (a seizure med)? - CORRECT ANSWER warfarin What surgery can take place if meds don't help with partial seizures? - CORRECT ANSWER vagal nerve stimulation. What does phenytoin do orally? - CORRECT ANSWER overgrowth of the gums Would little or too much stimulation cause a seizure to some? - CORRECT ANSWER too much Can caffeine cause a seizure why? - CORRECT ANSWER it can because it stimulates too much in the brain If you feel an aura coming with a vagal nerve simulator what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWER put magnet over the implant What kind of insulin is lispro? - CORRECT ANSWER rapid acting How long is onset for rapid? - CORRECT ANSWER 15 to 30 How long does rapid last? - CORRECT ANSWER 3 to 6 What kind of insulin is short acting? - CORRECT ANSWER regular What is onset for short acting? - CORRECT ANSWER .5 to 1 hour What is duration on short acting? - CORRECT ANSWER 6 to 10 hours How long does NPH last? - CORRECT ANSWER 16 to 24 How long does it take for nph to kick in? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 to 2 hr What kind of insulin is NPH? - CORRECT ANSWER intermediate What is a long acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER glargine What is onset for long acting? - CORRECT ANSWER 70 minutes What is duration of long acting? - CORRECT ANSWER 24 hours. What method for iron parenteral? - CORRECT ANSWER Z track method If you give a large dose of folic acid what can it mask? - CORRECT ANSWER a vitamin b12 deficancy How long does it take for an improvement in blood cell counts and problems with anemia take when blood is given? - CORRECT ANSWER immediately If a gastrectomy has happened how often would b12 be given to a pt? - CORRECT ANSWER q monthly What deformitiy is with anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER spoon shaped fingers Where is decreased skin integrity found? (what type of pt?) - CORRECT ANSWER in dehydrated pt's How often should someone taking erthypoietin get hgb and hct monitored? - CORRECT ANSWER twice weekly If you give antibiotics in high dosages Iv what could happen? - CORRECT ANSWER hepatoxcity What are two signs of hepatoxicity - CORRECT ANSWER lethargic and jaundice How should antibiotics like doxycycline be taken? (when with meals) - CORRECT ANSWER with meals If penicillin is given with aminoglycosides what happens in the same IV? - CORRECT ANSWER it inactivates aminoglycosides When administering aminoglycosides what could happen to the body? - CORRECT ANSWER ototoxicity What can diarrhea indicate with tetracyclines? - CORRECT ANSWER a suprainfection What drink should be avoided with tetracyclines? - CORRECT ANSWER milk When should you take a tetracycline? (what time of day) - CORRECT ANSWER in the morning to prevent esop ulcerations. When should a blood sample of gentamicin be taken? - CORRECT ANSWER 30 minutes after after dosage is completely given What could be adverse effect of streptomycin? - CORRECT ANSWER paresthesia (numbness and tingling/pins and needles) What antibiotic is used in surgeries for the normal flora of the intestines? - CORRECT ANSWER neomycin What kind of symptom comes with oxygen toxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER nonproductive cough What may be prescribed to help with oxygen induced toxciity (2)? - CORRECT ANSWER CPAP or BiPaP PEEP (Something that has positive pressure) Should calories increase or decrease after burn? (if so by how much) - CORRECT ANSWER increase calories by double or triple Can you defib asystole why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER No its not a shockable rhytmn Do respirations increase or decrease with hypovolemia? - CORRECT ANSWER increase What o2 mask delivers the highest amount of O2? - CORRECT ANSWER nonrebreather Should you use a nonrebreather with a pt with high risks of aspirations or airway obstructions? - CORRECT ANSWER no What kind of cough with oxygen toxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER nonproductive cough If a pt gets oxygen toxicity what do they hyper or hypoventilate? - CORRECT ANSWER hypoventilate What is expected refrence range for PaO2? - CORRECT ANSWER 90 What may be prescribed to help with oxygen induced toxcity (2)? - CORRECT ANSWER CPAP or BiPaP PEEP (Something that has positive pressure) What does low pressure alarms indicated? - CORRECT ANSWER disconnection or cuff leak What is high pressure alarms indicated? - CORRECT ANSWER excess secretions What disorder to set off high pressure alarm? - CORRECT ANSWER pneumothorax or bronchospasm What does positive pressure do? - CORRECT ANSWER allows preset pressure to deliver during spontaneous ventilation to help pt decrease work of breathing What is an early sign of hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER pale skin and hypoxemia What is late signs of hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER bradycardia and hypotension How often should the nurse assess breath sounds on a vented pt? - CORRECT ANSWER q1 to 2 What type of mask to deliver precise amount of O2? - CORRECT ANSWER venturi mask If a pt has diabtes type 1 what is impared(2)? - CORRECT ANSWER circulation and immune system If exposed organs and tissue pop out what should you put on them? - CORRECT ANSWER sterile dressing soaked with sterile normal saline What position is best for abdominal incision complication? - CORRECT ANSWER supine and hips and knees bent Should a nurse massage a bony prominence and why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER no because it can traumatize deep tissue With a burns do they become hypothermic or hyperthermic? - CORRECT ANSWER hypothermic What type of burn is sunburn? - CORRECT ANSWER superficial thickness burn What can be an example of superficial partial thickness burn? - CORRECT ANSWER a flame What can a deep partial thickness burn result from? - CORRECT ANSWER hot grease What can a full thickness burn result from? - CORRECT ANSWER hot tar Does HCT increase or decrease with burn? - CORRECT ANSWER increase initrially due to hemo concetration Why would hyperkalemia occur with a burn victim? - CORRECT ANSWER leakage of fluid from intracellular space Why would hyponatremia happen? - CORRECT ANSWER sodium resides in interstial spaces Why shouldn't a nurse use subq for burn victims? - CORRECT ANSWER because it might not absorb well because of skin isn't intact What is best route for admin meds to burn pt? - CORRECT ANSWER IV Why would you increase protein for a burn? - CORRECT ANSWER it promotes wound healing Should calories increase or decrease after burn? - CORRECT ANSWER increase calories by double or triple If a pt is taking epinephrine what med class should they avoid? - CORRECT ANSWER MAOIs Would you want the pt to vomit during drug toxcitiy? - CORRECT ANSWER no because it increases aspiration What med would you give for drug OD? - CORRECT ANSWER activated charcoal Why would you admin IV fluids to a drug toxicity pt? - CORRECT ANSWER helps dilute the toxic substances in the blood stream and promote eliminate from the body thtough the kidneys Why would you use modified jaw thrust? - CORRECT ANSWER to a pt that is unresponsive with neck injury Why would you head tilt and chin lift a pt? - CORRECT ANSWER if they are unresponsive (without suspicion of trauma) If a pt is in asystole what would you admin? - CORRECT ANSWER epinephrine Can you defibrilate asystole why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER No its not a shockable rhythm What would you elevate in shock? - CORRECT ANSWER lower extremites Does HR increase or decrease with renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER increase Would a pt have diaphoresis with a renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER yes (sweating) Is oliguria present in renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER yes What is oliguria? - CORRECT ANSWER urine output less than 400mL in 24 hours What mineral and electrolyte(2) would you would you limit with renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER protein and sodium What would you tell the pt to report with a renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER buring with urinating (because it's a sign of UTI) Would you increase or decrease fluids with renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER increase What can dehydration do to someone with renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER it can increase the risk for renal calculi formation What food would you avoid for a calcium oxalate renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER spinach What food would you avoid with a pt with a calcium or phosphate oxalate renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER dairy products When would a pt strain urine for a renal calculi? - CORRECT ANSWER after lithotripsy How would you know proper placement of hemodynamic monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER xray How would a pt keep their leg after an angiography? - CORRECT ANSWER keep it straight because it decreases risk for bleeding and hematoma in cath site What is an angiography? - CORRECT ANSWER medical technique to see where blood vessels and organs of the body are Would pt be NPO for angiography why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER they would be NPO because they are at risk for aspiration during surgery What total cholesterol increases risk for heart disease? - CORRECT ANSWER more than 200mg If a cancer pt WBC drops below youre going to put them in a private room? - CORRECT ANSWER 1000 If a cancer pt that is neutropenic needs to transport how would you transport? - CORRECT ANSWER place mask on pt What would you give to stimulate WBC production? - CORRECT ANSWER NEUpogen NEUlasta What is better for infection prevention for hand washing soap or alcohol based? - CORRECT ANSWER alcohol Would you use alcohol based on soiled hands? - CORRECT ANSWER no With an airborne infection what type of pressure flow in pt room? - CORRECT ANSWER negative If someone has droplet do they get their own private room tell me why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER they can but they can be put in the same room with someone with the same illness If someone has contact do they get their own private room tell me why or why not? - CORRECT ANSWER they can but if someone has the same problem then they can be put with them What kind of airflow with pt with TB? - CORRECT ANSWER negative How often should you monitored someones neurovascular status in a 24 hour period for a fracture? - CORRECT ANSWER q hour Would you put a pt on high protein diet with chronic kidney disease? - CORRECT ANSWER yes because it replaces the high rate of protein breakdown due to the stress from the illness. If someone is having heart failure what dietary restrictions would be in place(increase this and decrease that)? - CORRECT ANSWER increase potassium and decrease sodium What would be in urine for nephrotoxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER protein (proteinuria) If someone has a stroke what could you do for the affected extremity? - CORRECT ANSWER put it in a sling What is priority assessment for pt with hypokalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER AIRWAY If PICC is in what should you tell the client about water? - CORRECT ANSWER not to immerse arm in water but cover the dressing site to avoid water exposure What would you do to ensure PICC is in place? - CORRECT ANSWER xray Osteoporosis: With taking alendronate when should you take it? - CORRECT ANSWER before meal in morning What foods would you want to give to a pt with pancreatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER snacks high in calories How to reduce pancreatitis stimulation? - CORRECT ANSWER NPO For a lumbar puncture when should they void? - CORRECT ANSWER before procedure What is normal RBC? - CORRECT ANSWER 4.7 and 6.1 What is normal WBC? - CORRECT ANSWER What is normal HGB for men? - CORRECT ANSWER 14-18 Normal HCT%? - CORRECT ANSWER 42-52% How should pt be sitting for thoracentesis? - CORRECT ANSWER upright How should arms be placed and supported in thoracentesis? - CORRECT ANSWER raised and supported on pillows Where is the liver located? - CORRECT ANSWER upper right With cushing what are you monitoring daily? - CORRECT ANSWER daily weights Is there hyper or hypovolemia in cushings? - CORRECT ANSWER hyper What fluids for fluid resuscitation in burn victims? - CORRECT ANSWER 0.9 or LR What is meningitis? - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the brain and spinal cord What kind of room should a pt with meningitis be in? - CORRECT ANSWER isolation- negative pressure Does meningitis increase or decrease ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER increase For a chest tube what is the first chamber? - CORRECT ANSWER drainage collection What is the second chamber for in chest tube? - CORRECT ANSWER water seal What is third chamber for in chest tube? - CORRECT ANSWER suction control Is tidaling with movement expected in water chamber seal? - CORRECT ANSWER yes What should cuff pressure be for ET tube? - CORRECT ANSWER 20mm hg What mask for TB? - CORRECT ANSWER N95 What color tongue in vitamin b12 deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER bright red What could increase while admin epoetin alfa? - CORRECT ANSWER increased blood pressure (increasing blood count) How often should you monitor HGB and HCT with epoetin alfa? - CORRECT ANSWER twice weekly What position for liver biopsy? - CORRECT ANSWER supine What color stools for cirrhosis? - CORRECT ANSWER clay colored What type of diuretic would you give for heart failure and pulmonary edema? - CORRECT ANSWER loop diuretics Would you give nitro for heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER yes What is number one reason of vision loss in people? - CORRECT ANSWER age This causes loss of peripheral vision? - CORRECT ANSWER open angle glaucoma What elevated IOP would cause open angle glaucoma? - CORRECT ANSWER 21 Is angle closure glaucoma rapid or slow increase IOP? - CORRECT ANSWER rapid What is with the pupils for angle closure what isn't happening? - CORRECT ANSWER they aren't reactive Is open angle or angle closure severe pain? - CORRECT ANSWER angle closure What would you notify a doctor for with a pt taking cabmazepine(Tegretol)(3 things)? - CORRECT ANSWER sore throat fever and bleeding If pt is taking vasopressin what would you notify the doctor for(2)? - CORRECT ANSWER headache and confusion What are the 5 P's for compartment syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER Pain paralysis paresthesia pallor pulselessness What ABG reading would tell you what changes are with chronic kidney disease? - CORRECT ANSWER metabolic acidosis What heart sound would you hear with heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER S3 What kind of bowel sounds for hypokalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER hypoactive bowel sounds What happens if too much magnesium is given what would you see happen to the body? - CORRECT ANSWER respiratory paralysis What would skin look like for an anaphylactic reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER flushing What aches with lyme disease? - CORRECT ANSWER joints What enzyme would indicate hepatitis C? - CORRECT ANSWER enzyme immunoassay (EIA) What would someone with a detached retina say that they are seeing? - CORRECT ANSWER curtain closed over my eye Should you take insulin even if you are unable to eat your regular diet? - CORRECT ANSWER yes What electrolyte would you want to decrease with cushings? - CORRECT ANSWER decreased sodium What is an adverse effect of amphoetericin B for a fungual infection? - CORRECT ANSWER increased BUN What is normal urine specific gravity? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.000 to 1.030 What if a pt has a high urine specific gravity what does it mean and what color is urine? - CORRECT ANSWER it means they are dehydrated and dark color urine What can be done after kidney transplant? - CORRECT ANSWER hemodialysis If a pt is receving morphine via PCA pump what could happen to urine as a side effect? - CORRECT ANSWER urinary retention What vital sign HR for cushing triad? - CORRECT ANSWER bradycardia Would DI be increase or decrease urine specific gravity? - CORRECT ANSWER decrease What drug class can interfere with mepedrine? - CORRECT ANSWER MAOI because they can increase hypotension What is mepedrine? - CORRECT ANSWER a narcotic What leads would tell you of an MI? - CORRECT ANSWER V3 and V4 What should you tell a pt with crohns to do before a scheduled barium enema the day before? - CORRECT ANSWER to encourage plenty of fluids (bowel prep can casue dehydration and more fluids prevent from fecal impactment) If someone has an amputation what should you do post op to the stump? - CORRECT ANSWER elevate it for the first 24 hours If there is kinking in a vent tubing is it high or low pressure alarm? - CORRECT ANSWER high Should pt with knee amputation wash and dry stump daily? - CORRECT ANSWER yes to prevent infection Why is a skeletal traction good for a fracture? - CORRECT ANSWER reduce and immobilize the fracture What is best lab to monitor heparin therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER APTT What is APTT used to measure? - CORRECT ANSWER Clotting status when the client is receiving heparin What What electrolyte would be hypo with throwing up , diarrhea and vomiting? - CORRECT ANSWER Hypokalemia If the pt has an NG tube in and has abdominal distention what should the Nurse do first? - CORRECT ANSWER Check the function of the suction equipment If a pt has cellulitis in the lower extremities should legs be elevated or relaxed? - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated Does iron deficiency anemia increase likelihood of infection in children? - CORRECT ANSWER Yea What med can interfere with Synthroid? - CORRECT ANSWER calcium pills What is a night cough an early predictor of what problem? - CORRECT ANSWER heart failure If a pt has a hematoma after cardiac cath what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWER apply pressure to the site (to decrease chances of bleeding) What is the first manifestation of a fat emboli? - CORRECT ANSWER dyspnea What is usually last manifestation of fat emboli? - CORRECT ANSWER rash on chest If a pt is having a hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion what kind of pain would the pt have? - CORRECT ANSWER lower back pain Would you prescribe mepedrine to an older client with pain (why or why not)? - CORRECT ANSWER you wouldn't because it can causes toxicities What does it mean if bubbling ceases in chest tube? - CORRECT ANSWER it means that the lungs are expanding Elevated bilirubin is a sign of what? - CORRECT ANSWER cirrhosis of the liver Is albumin increased or decreased in cirrhosis? - CORRECT ANSWER decreased What type of dairy products are ok for lactose intolerance pt's? - CORRECT ANSWER dairy products that have been fermented (like yogurt and cheese) What is an important thing to ask for a health history of a chemo pt that just started? - CORRECT ANSWER have you've been experiencing and nausea and vomiting (hypovolemia is the concern here) If someone is depressed is it more common in hyper or hypothyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWER hypothyroidism How long does a person with a bilateral adrenalectomy have to take steroids for? - CORRECT ANSWER the rest of their life. With atropine medications what could be a side effect orally? - CORRECT ANSWER it will dry out the mouth What is visous lidocaine good for with the mouth? - CORRECT ANSWER to help heal the pain of stomatitis. What is stomatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER painful swelling and sore in your mouth (can be seen in chemo pt's) What does prefix peri mean? - CORRECT ANSWER around What hep is due from sex? - CORRECT ANSWER Hep B What hepatitis is due to poor sanitation(2)? - CORRECT ANSWER A and E What ABG will someone be in with hyperventilation? - CORRECT ANSWER respiratory alkalosis What type of diabetic pt are oral antidiabetics only effective in? - CORRECT ANSWER type 2 If there is a lack of blood return on a IV cath for chemo what should the nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWER D/C treatment because it is most likely occluded. Lymphocytes help defend against what? - CORRECT ANSWER viruses especially natural killers Neturophils helped defend during what? - CORRECT ANSWER bacterial infections Basophils elevation may occur because of? - CORRECT ANSWER allergic responses and neoplasm When does a pericardial friction rub happen? - CORRECT ANSWER usually occurs a week after MI Why does a pericardial friction rub happen? - CORRECT ANSWER due to inflammation of pericardial sac. When ALT and AST are elevated what is it a sign of? - CORRECT ANSWER chronic liver damage What is increased during kidney failure? - CORRECT ANSWER creatine level What is most common reason for appendicitis? - CORRECT ANSWER appendix obstruction How does the nursing process go (this will help answer question on tests)? - CORRECT ANSWER assess then plan and then intervention What is one of the most common metastasis spots? - CORRECT ANSWER the liver What should you tell the pt not to do after eating with a hiatal hernia? - CORRECT ANSWER to lay down When someone has meineres disease and they start having a vertigo attack what would you tell them to do? - CORRECT ANSWER lie down or go into reclining position. How to reduce osteoporosis OTHER than meds? - CORRECT ANSWER weight bearing exercises. What should you increase fluids to with UTI? - CORRECT ANSWER 2500 If someone is recovering from a hemorrhagic cerebral vascular accident (CVA) what would be concerning if what starts happening? - CORRECT ANSWER they start having a worse headache (vasospasm) How often should you change tube feedings? - CORRECT ANSWER q24 Sharing needles could lead to what hep(2)? - CORRECT ANSWER Hep C more commonly but possibly hep b What sided heart failure is associated with air hunger? - CORRECT ANSWER left side Prior to suctioning what should the nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWER give 100 O2 If pt is not tolerating peep because of an increase in H20 what would be vital sign to confirm this? - CORRECT ANSWER hypotension What kind of chest does a COPD pt have? - CORRECT ANSWER barrel chest What lab will be low with graves disease? - CORRECT ANSWER TSH Excessive levels of thyroid could cause client to have what breathing problem? - CORRECT ANSWER dyspnea How long for pt to start back exercising with heart valve replacement? - CORRECT ANSWER 6 weeks Where would you hear an s4? - CORRECT ANSWER aortic stenosis What would you hear with mitral valve insuffiency while ausclating? - CORRECT ANSWER crackles in lungs What bacteria are UTI's usually associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER E coli What would be order to answering questions? - CORRECT ANSWER ABCS (S for safety) then Pain then Education then Feelings. Test questions try to trick you when should you call the provider? - CORRECT ANSWER Think about it this way. If a patient is struggling to breath, will leaving the room to call the provider be the FIRST thing you should do? Probably not. There are immediate needs the patient has that YOU can address prior to calling the provider. What fracture do you see fat embolism associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER long bone How long does antibiotic treatment for osteomyletisis last? - CORRECT ANSWER 3 months