PSB 3002 Exam 1-181 Questions

PSB 3002 Exam 1-181 Questions biological psychology - CORRECT ANSWER the study of the physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience neurons - CORRECT ANSWER cells that receive information and transmit it to other cells glia - CORRECT ANSWER type of cell in the nervous system that does not conduct impulses over long distances Santiago Ramon y Cajal - CORRECT ANSWER demonstrated that individual cells comprising the nervous system remained separate motor neuron - CORRECT ANSWER cell that receives excitation from other neurons and conducts impulses to a muscle sensory neuron - CORRECT ANSWER cell that is highly sensitive to a specific type of stimulation soma (cell body) - CORRECT ANSWER spherical part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and connects to dendrites, which bring information in, and the axon, which sends information out dendrites - CORRECT ANSWER receive signals from adjacent neurons axon - CORRECT ANSWER thin fiber of constant diameter presynaptic terminal - CORRECT ANSWER point where an axon releases chemicals dendritic spines - CORRECT ANSWER short outgrowths that increase the surface area available for synapses axon hillock - CORRECT ANSWER point where action potentials originate myelination - CORRECT ANSWER the formation of a fatty sheath around the axons of a neuron nodes of ranvier - CORRECT ANSWER interruptions in the myelin sheath of vertebrate axons axon termial - CORRECT ANSWER point where action potentials arrive, which signals the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic vesicles synaptic gap - CORRECT ANSWER gap where end points of an axon diffuse to release chemicals to communicate with other neurons afferent axon - CORRECT ANSWER brings information into a structure efferent axon - CORRECT ANSWER carries information away from a structure interneurons - CORRECT ANSWER central nodes of neural circuits, enabling communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system astrocyte - CORRECT ANSWER glial cell that regulates neuronal communication among other functions microglia - CORRECT ANSWER glial cells that remove waste material and other microorganisms from the nervous system