CNOR ACTUAL EXAM 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

CNOR ACTUAL EXAM 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ What are the three elements of the fire triangle? What are the most common surgical sites of pt fires? What is the most common source that contributes to 90% of OR fires? - ANSWER -oxidizer, ignition source, fuel -chest, neck, face, head -Electrosurgical units FIRE TRIANGLE: Name IGNITION sources in the OR Name FUEL sources in the OR Name OXIDIZERS in the OR what is the most common fuel source in the OR? - ANSWER -Electrosurgical units, drills, heated probes, lasers, electrocautery devices, fiberoptic cords -alcohol-based prep, Collodion, drapes, ET tubes, gowns -Oxygen, Nitrous Oxide -drapes AIRWAY FIRE: what should you remove from the patient? (2) stop the flow of? what do you pour down the airway? What is the 1st line of defense to put out an OR fire? - ANSWER-ET tube, drapes/flammable supplies -all medical gases -saline -noncombustible/nonflammable solutions from back table or smothering technique MINIMIZING SURGICAL FIRES: What should you place in the pt's throat for procedures involving the mouth/face/airway and why? What should you inflate the ET tube cuff with and why? - ANSWER -saline moistened lap, to assist with decreasing/preventing O2 leaks from tube -tinted saline solution, the liquid helps increase the temp required to rupture the cuff, the color helps visualize a rupture SURGERY IN THE AIRWAY/CHEST AREA: To prevent fire, what should you coat the pt's head/facial hair with? What should you use between the surgical site and O2 source? What should anes suction be used to evacuate? - ANSWER -water soluble gel -Ioban incise drape -accumulated anes gas When using open source O2, how should the drapes be placed over the head? - ANSWER -Water mist and Carbon dioxide -no, they can trap the fire next to/under the pt, they can dislodge instruments, they can cause wound contamination, they can spread the fire -in a way that allows for O2 to flow freely/prevent accumulation under the drape SURGICAL FIRES: What gases are present in the bowel? How should you create an incision in the bowel or trachea? What prevention technique should you use for surgeries near the rectum? What should you use to administer supplemental O2 in pt's that need O2 greater than 30%? When is an environment considered oxygen rich? - ANSWER -methane, hydrogen -with a scalpel rather than monopolar cautery -cover or pack the rectum with a wet lap -laryngeal mask airway or ET tube -if the O2 concentration is greater than 21% by volume MEDICAL GASES: where/how should you store med gases in a facility? store separately from? what identifiers are present on med gas cylinders to determine their contents?(3) - ANSWER-indoors in a secured access-controlled area with chain like devices to lock and in a holder/on a rack -industrial gases -the color of the cylinder, written labels on the cylinders, the pin index safety system specific to each type of med gas MEDICAL GASES: The emergency supply of O2 for a facility should be enough to support for how long? what kind of drugs are medical gases considered to be/they should be given by ? only The room medical gas is stored in should be fire resistant for how long at a minimum? - ANSWER-uninterrupted use for 1 day -prescription -1 hour how would you describe a medical gas cylinder that is considered for immediate use? vs storage use? What components make batteries considered hazardous waste if contained in them? (3) if a product contain what chemical element?, it must be disposed of as hazardous waste. - ANSWER-immediate: attached to a transport vehicle that has a pt on it or directly associated with a current present pt storage use: on a transport vehicle that is not directly associated w/ a pt and has been unoccupied for 30 mins or more -cadmium, lead, silver -mercury Flammable liquids such as?(6) are ? wastes and must be contained/placed for disposal where? A flammable solution has a flash point of less than? A combustible solution will ? but requires ? for ignition. What is the temp point? - ANSWER-alcohol benzoin collodion formalin MMA monomer and silver nitrate, characteristic, in hazardous waste receptacle -37.8 c or 100f -burn, higher temperatures, greater than 37.8c/100f Give examples of critical points in a case where noise/distractions should be decreased/removed. (7) What do ALERT ALARMS alert the team to?-examples of these what do CLINICAL ALARMS alert the team to?-examples of these - ANSWER-surgical time out, briefings about case, implant sizing, anes induction/emergence, surgical counts, specimen management, crucial portions of procedure such as aneurysm clipping or anastomosis -system failures that would effect multiple pts, code blue alarms medical gas systems blood fridges fire alarms ethylene oxide level alarms warmer alarms -pt specific alarms that alert to poss emergency situations, cardiac monitors ventilators anes machine