PTS Canfitpro Theory Exam 2

Functions of the skeletal system - support, movement, protection, mineral deposit, blood cell formation, energy reservoir the average human adult skeleton has ....bones - 206 bones bones are .....fluid and......solid - 50%, 50% ......make bones rigid and.....makes them strong - minerals, protein long bones - femur, humerus serve as levers for movement short bones - tarsals (ankle), carpals (wrist) give strength to joints but with limited mobility flat bones - ribs, scapulae provide a broad site for muscle attachment and protect the internal organs. irregular bones - ischium, pubis, vertebrae protect internal organs and support the body axial skeleton - 80 bones - skull 29, vertebral column 26, thorax 25 appendicular skeleton - 126 bones - pectoral girdle 4 bones, upper limbs 60 bones, pelvic girdle 2 bones, lower limbs 60 bones how many joint types are there? - fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial. fibrous connective tissue that support the articulation between bones at joints - ligaments, joint capsules where can we find fibrous joints? - the bones of the skull and pelvis are held together by fibrous joints. the radius and ulna are also held in relation to one another through fibrous tissue. they allow very little if any movement where can we find cartilaginous joints? - between the ribs and sternum and between the vertebrae. allow little to no movementhow many types of synovial joints are there? - 6 types: gliding (carpals and tarsals) pivot (radius and ulna), hinge - allow movement in one direction or plane of motion- (elbow and knee) condyloid - allow movement in 2 directions or planes of motion (knuckles). saddle (thumb) ball and socket - allow movement in three directions and planes of motion (shoulders and hips that allow circumduction). anterior and posterior - front and back of the body medial and lateral - closer to the midline, further from the midline superior and inferior - body part thats above another and below another supine and prone - face up, face down dorsal , plantar - top of foot, bottom of foot dorsal , plantar - top of foot, bottom of foot shoulder girdle movements - elevation-depression abduction-adduction upward rotation-downward rotation shoulder joint movements - flexion-extension abduction-adduction medial rotation-lateral rotation horizontal abduction - adduction circumduction elbow joint movements - flexion-extension radioulnar joint movements - pronation - supination wrist joint movements - flexion-extension radial flexion - ulnar flexion