BIO202 Exam II - Penkrot, ASU Study Guide With
Complete Solutions
140/90 mmHg or higher - AnswerHypertension
90% of people have this type of hypertension. It CAN be controlled. - AnswerPrimary hypertension
This type of hypertension is due to disorders such as renal blockage, hypertension, endocrine disorders,
etc. - AnswerSecondary hypertension
Blood pressure is elevated but not yet hypertensive. Usually represented by 120/80 -
AnswerPrehypertensive
90/60 mmHg or lower, not typically a sign of concern unless tissues are not receiving adequate amount
of blood flow - AnswerHypotensive
This type of hypotension is typically caused by poor nutrition for Addison's disease or hypothyroidism -
AnswerChronic hypotension
This type of hypotension usually results in temporarily low blood pressure and dizziness with suddenly
rising from sitting down/lying position - AnswerOrthostatic hypotension
This hypotension is usually an important sign of circulatory shock - AnswerAcute hypotension
Condition where blood vessels fill and cannot circulate blood normally - AnswerCirculatory shock
Hypovolemic shock results from ________________ - Answerlarge-scale blood loss
Results from extreme vasodilation and decreased peripheral resistance - AnswerVascular shock
, Results when an inefficient heart cannot sustain adequate circulation - AnswerCardiogenic shock
The blood flow through body tissues; rate of flow is PRECISELY RIGHT for its specific organ describes
______ - Answertissue perfusion
Extrinsic and intrinsic factors control the rate of _______ - Answerblood flow
Sympathetic nervous system and hormones control blood flow through the body. What control is this? -
AnswerExtrinsic control
Autoregulation control of blood flow is adjusted to meet the specific tissue's requirements. What control
is this? - AnswerIntrinsic
How do organs regulate their own blood flow? - AnswerVarying resistance of their own arterioles
During strenuous exercise, which organ maintains a constant blood flow same to that during rest? What
is the ml/min? - AnswerThe brain remains constant at 750 ml/min from rest to exertion.
Skeletal muscles receive ____% blood volume at rest, and _____% blood volume during exercise. -
Answer20% at rest, 70% at exercise
The heart, brain, and kidneys are all regulated by which factors? - AnswerIntrinsic (local) - auto-regulated
What two types of intrinsic mechanisms determine final auto regulatory response? - AnswerMetabolic
and myogenic controls
Reactive hyperemia is described as __________ - Answerincreased blood flow to an area due to intrinsic
factors
Nitric oxide and endothelins are usually balanced unless blood flow is inadequate, in which case Nitric
oxide takes over, causing what? - AnswerVasodilation. NO is a powerful vasodilator.
Complete Solutions
140/90 mmHg or higher - AnswerHypertension
90% of people have this type of hypertension. It CAN be controlled. - AnswerPrimary hypertension
This type of hypertension is due to disorders such as renal blockage, hypertension, endocrine disorders,
etc. - AnswerSecondary hypertension
Blood pressure is elevated but not yet hypertensive. Usually represented by 120/80 -
AnswerPrehypertensive
90/60 mmHg or lower, not typically a sign of concern unless tissues are not receiving adequate amount
of blood flow - AnswerHypotensive
This type of hypotension is typically caused by poor nutrition for Addison's disease or hypothyroidism -
AnswerChronic hypotension
This type of hypotension usually results in temporarily low blood pressure and dizziness with suddenly
rising from sitting down/lying position - AnswerOrthostatic hypotension
This hypotension is usually an important sign of circulatory shock - AnswerAcute hypotension
Condition where blood vessels fill and cannot circulate blood normally - AnswerCirculatory shock
Hypovolemic shock results from ________________ - Answerlarge-scale blood loss
Results from extreme vasodilation and decreased peripheral resistance - AnswerVascular shock
, Results when an inefficient heart cannot sustain adequate circulation - AnswerCardiogenic shock
The blood flow through body tissues; rate of flow is PRECISELY RIGHT for its specific organ describes
______ - Answertissue perfusion
Extrinsic and intrinsic factors control the rate of _______ - Answerblood flow
Sympathetic nervous system and hormones control blood flow through the body. What control is this? -
AnswerExtrinsic control
Autoregulation control of blood flow is adjusted to meet the specific tissue's requirements. What control
is this? - AnswerIntrinsic
How do organs regulate their own blood flow? - AnswerVarying resistance of their own arterioles
During strenuous exercise, which organ maintains a constant blood flow same to that during rest? What
is the ml/min? - AnswerThe brain remains constant at 750 ml/min from rest to exertion.
Skeletal muscles receive ____% blood volume at rest, and _____% blood volume during exercise. -
Answer20% at rest, 70% at exercise
The heart, brain, and kidneys are all regulated by which factors? - AnswerIntrinsic (local) - auto-regulated
What two types of intrinsic mechanisms determine final auto regulatory response? - AnswerMetabolic
and myogenic controls
Reactive hyperemia is described as __________ - Answerincreased blood flow to an area due to intrinsic
factors
Nitric oxide and endothelins are usually balanced unless blood flow is inadequate, in which case Nitric
oxide takes over, causing what? - AnswerVasodilation. NO is a powerful vasodilator.
