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MSN 277 Exam 2: Modules 7-10 Questions With Complete Solutions
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MSN 277 Exam 2: Modules 7-10 Questions With Complete Solutions
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MSN 277 Exam 2: Modules 7-10 QuestionsWith Complete Solutions
What are genes? correct answer: basic unit of heredity
control how the cells in the body function
produce proteins that only perform one specific function
found along chromosomes and are passed along one generation to the next
What is a genome? correct answer: complete set of DNA
contains all of the organism's genes
has all the info for an organism to build and maintain itself
What is genetics? correct answer: study of genes and their role in inheritance
studies how certain conditions and traits are passed through one generation to the next through genes
a person's genes can have a profound impact on health and disease
What are genomics? correct answer: study of a person's genes includes studying how genes interact with other genes as well as
how genes interact with environment
complex diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer
- typically caused by genetic and environmental factors rather than one single gene alteration
Why are genetics and genomics important in healthcare? correct answer: can be useful in...
- assessment
- prevention
- screening
- diagnosis
- prognosis
- treatment
- assessment of treatment effectiveness
- can play a part in which drugs are selected for treatment (oncology)
we all need to have a basic understanding of what genetics and genomics are and why it is important to patients
How many genes are there in each person's genome? correct answer: about 30,000
each gene has a specific location on a chromosome
What is an allele? correct answer: one of the possible forms of a
gene
most genes have two alleles: - dominant
- recessive
What is a phenotype? correct answer: physical traits a person possesses
height, eye color, hair color, etc.
What is the genotype? correct answer: the genetic makeup of an
organism
one of the possible forms of a gene
genetic makeup inherited from parents
a dominant allele will fully be expressed if present
What are chromosomes? correct answer: hang out in cell's nucleus
occur in pairs
each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, so there is
a total of 46
22 of these pairs are called autosomes and look the same in both males and females
the 23rd pair is the sex chromosome and is different in males than females fun fact: it's the male that determines the sex of the baby
What is DNA? correct answer: deoxyribonucleic acid
long molecule that contains our unique genetic code
holds all the instructions for making all the proteins in the body
genes are made up of DNA and DNA stores all the genetic information
What are genetic mutations? correct answer: any change in the usual DNA sequence
a permanent change or alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene
when this happens, the sequence is then going to be different than what is found in most people
can range in size and can effect anywhere from a single building
block to a large segment of chromosome that includes multiple genes
some gene mutations can result in the development of a disease in a person, can increase the risk that a person will get a disease
What are germline mutations? correct answer: inherited from the parent
ex: sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis
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