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UNE Biochemistry Final Exam - Questions With Verified Solutions
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UNE Biochemistry Final Exam - Questions WithVerified Solutions
What are the direct products of Beta Oxidation? Correct Ans -
NADH
FADH2
Acetyl CoA
What does Acetyl CoA get used for Correct Ans - ketogenesis
allosterically activates Pyruvate Carboxylase
An 11yo girl is brought into the emergency department by her father. He
reports that she has recently been very thirsty and needing to make
frequent trips to the bathroom. At her soccer game today, she complained
of lightheadedness and symptoms did not resolve even after drinking a
power beverage. A rapid dipstick test revealed glucose in her urine and
further diagnostics indicate with a diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes. Evaluation
of the liver would indicate an increased amount of which of the following
processes? Correct Ans - Ketogenesis
What is the role of adipose in metabolism? Correct Ans - storage of
triacyglycerols
appetite regulation, coagulation, immunity, reproduction
A 5yo female is brought into the ED by her mother. She is a type 1 diabetic
and has not taken her insulin while away at a day camp. The child is
unresponsive. Which of the following enzymes is phosphorylated and
active under these conditions? Correct Ans - hormone sensitive
lipase
An individual goes to bed around 8 pm and doesn't wake up until 9 am the
next morning. During this time, which of the following is the primary
oxidizable substrate in the skeletal muscle? Correct Ans - free fatty
acids
An individual is on a hunger strike and has not eaten in 13 days. Which of
the following best describes their metabolic state? Correct Ans -
The brain will be preferentially oxidizing ketones
,In the fasted state, fatty acyl-CoAs are transported across the mitochondrial
membrane. The transport of fatty acids via carnitine palmitoyl transferase I
(CPTI) can be directly inhibited by which of the following compounds?
Correct Ans - Malonyl CoA
Under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon <1), elevated
glucagon will activate which of the following enzymes? Correct Ans -
Hormone Sensitive Lipase
A well, 2-year-old girl presents to the clinic with symptoms of a viral
illness. Her parents report she has had bouts of vomiting and diarrhea over
the last 24 hours. This morning they could barely wake her from her crib
and she was very weak. Laboratory tests show low blood glucose
(hypoglycemia) and elevated liver enzymes. There are no ketones present
in her urine. The child is hospitalized and glucose is administered by I.V.
Additional laboratory analysis showed elevated medium-chain fatty acyl
carnitines in blood and 6-8 carbon dicarboxylic acids in the urine. Which of
the following abnormalities is the most likely diagnosis for this child?
Correct Ans - Defect of medium-chain acyl-dehydrogenase
A 22-year-old woman engaging in a political protest goes on a hunger
strike on a prominent corner in a city park. She refuses all offers of food
except for water through the first 2 weeks. Under these conditions there is
a decreased reliance on which of the following pathways for fuel?
Correct Ans - Gluconeogenesis
ATP can be generated by many metabolic pathways in the body. Which of
the following processes generates the most ATP? Correct Ans -
Fatty acid beta oxidation
In liver, which of the following key inhibitory events ensures that newly
synthesized palmitoyl-CoA is not immediately oxidized? Correct Ans -
Inhibition of carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by malonyl-CoA.
An increase in the ratio of insulin to glucagon will increase which of the
following enzymes? Correct Ans - hormone sensitive lipase
decreases
acetyl CoA carboxylase increases
, Phosphofructokinase 2 increases
glycogen synthase increases
NADPH is essential for fatty acid synthesis and can be generated by which
two enzymes? (+ indicates NADPH can be produced by the enzyme; -
indicates the enzyme does not produce NAPDH) For G6P Dehydrogenase,
Malic Enzyme, and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Correct Ans -
+, +, -
A defect in the thioesterase subunit of fatty acid synthase would impair
which of the following activities of the enzyme complex? Correct Ans -
Liberation of newly assembled palmitate from the enzyme
Malate can be converted to pyruvate in the cytosol. Which of the following
compounds is directly generated in this conversion and is essential for fatty
acid synthesis? Correct Ans - NADPH
Which of the following enzymes is correctly paired with its allosteric
inhibitor? Correct Ans - Acetyl-CoA carboxylase: palmitoyl-CoA
An increase in the ratio of insulin to glucagon leads to which of the
following metabolic shifts? Correct Ans - Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
will become dephosphorylated and active
In the case of a deficiency of biotin, which of the following enzymes
required for fatty acid metabolism will be impaired? Correct Ans -
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Insulin stimulates lipogenesis through several mechanisms. Which of the
following is not an insulin stimulated process that enhances lipogenesis?
Correct Ans - Decreased activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase
complex
During fatty acid synthesis, after the initial step involving acetyl-CoA, the
fatty acid chain is elongated by the addition of which of the following
compounds? Correct Ans - malonyl Co-A
After a 24hr fast, which lipoprotein is most reflected by your blood levels of
triacyglycerols? Correct Ans - VLDL
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