MMSC 490 Final Test Questions with Correct Answers

MMSC 490 Final Test Questions with Correct Answers Which energy-producing process is thought to have come first during cellular evolution? - Answer-Glycolysis The initial importance of a membrane enclosing self-replicating RNA molecules and associated proteins was that it - Answer-maintained these molecules as a unit capable of reproduction and evolution. Mitochondria and chloroplasts resemble bacteria in that they - Answer-have their own DNA, have their own ribosomes, reproduce by simple division into two. Which of the following is a colonial organism closely related to the evolutionary precursors of present-day plants? - Answer-Volvox The simplicity and clarity of Caenorhabditis elegans allowed researchers to - Answertrace the developmental lineages of all cells in the adult. Studies on which model experimental organism led to the initial discovery of important mechanisms controlling the development of the animal body plan? - Answer-Drosophila melanogaster Which of the following is not a unicellular eukaryote? - Answer-Archaebacteria The growth factor that stimulates fibroblasts to divide around a wound is released by - Answer-platelets. In polysaccharides, sugars are linked together by means of .......... bonds - Answerglycosidic Which of the following is not a basic amino acid? - Answer-Glutamine In the primary structure of a protein, amino acids are joined together by .......... bonds. - Answer-peptide What is the major carbohydrate-storage molecule in plants? - Answer-Starch Cholesterol affects the fluidity of membranes by - Answer-decreasing membrane fluidity at high temperatures and increasing membrane fluidity at low temperatures Cholesterol, a membrane lipid in animals, has a chemical structure similar to - Answerestradiol. Our fundamental knowledge about mutation, genetic linkage, and the relationships between genes and chromosomes was acquired largely from experiments on the - Answer-fruit fly Drosophila. Which of the following would be used to express a human protein in E. coli? - AnswerAn expression plasmid containing cDNA made from the mRNA for the protein When introduced into living cells, antisense RNA molecules bind - Answer-to complementary mRNA sequences and block protein synthesis. In RNA interference experiments, siRNAs homologous to known mRNAs inhibit expression of the proteins by what mechanism? - Answer-They form double-stranded RNA molecules that get degraded in the cytoplasm. Which of the following statements about introns is true? - Answer-They are a part of a gene, but they are absent from the corresponding mRNA The extended length of all the DNA in one human cell is about 2: - Answer-Meters Introns constitute about what percentage of the average human genome - Answer-90 The transfer of information from parent to progeny that is not based on DNA sequence is known as - Answer-Epigenetic inheritance Simple sequence repeats - Answer-Sediment unique bands in equilibrium density gradient centrifugation Are present in tandem arrays of thousands of copies Reassociate more rapidly than non repeated sequences Even though its much smaller, the plant Arabidopsis thaliana has about ___ genes, similar to the amount a human has - Answer-26000 If the human gene is found to contain 5 intons, the mature mRNA encoded by that gene would have how many exons - Answer-Between 1 and 6 exons Introns can encode: - Answer-Small nuclear RNA miRNA Sequences that control RNA processing Telomeres are - Answer-Chromosome end structures required for correct replication of linear chromosomes During mitosis, highly condensed chromosomes consists of two sister chromatids joined at the - Answer-Centromere A chromatosome is a complex of eight core - Answer-Histones, one histone H1 and 166 bp of DNA The chromosomes of prokaryotes different than those of eukaryotes in that prokaryotic chromosomes are - Answer-Circular During the processing of mrRNA, which of the following cleaved the 5' 3' tails away from the hairpin structure in the primary miRNA - Answer-Drosha