Natural Science Test 3 Exam Questions with Latest Update

Know the characteristics of pseudoscience. - ANSWER--Things presented as science, but which do not meet scientific standards -Conclusions are not derived from valid empirical data -Contradict currently accepted theories -Fake science Know the characteristics of pseudoscientists. - ANSWER--Typically have little scientific training -Have a flawed comprehension of the scientific area -Skip the peer-reviewed process when presenting ideas -Gather support from newspapers, ancient mythological writings, anecdotal evidence -Rely on unconditional beliefs or faith and not on well-designed experiments or evidence. Know the signs of bogus science and ploys of health-related pseudoscience. - ANSWER-Bogus Science-Educational material and books go straight to the public -Relies on testimonials and anecdotal data -Millions of followers confirm the reason for its success: It works -New laws of nature must be proposed -No valid mechanism for how diet affects the clumping of blood cells Ploys-Psychological reassurance, Buzz words, Sales Pitch -Once you've begun the diet, you can explore the possibilities of using our revolutionary nutritional supplements that targeted to your blood type. You're an individual. So why are you using the same nutritional supplements everyone?" Know the problems with the pseudoscience examples in the lecture notes and the fallacies associated with them. - ANSWER-Astrology-Not concise, Not coherent, Lacks a mechanism.Fallacies- Appeal to Authority and Appeal to Popularity Dowsing-Did not work under pressure. False Cause, Post-hoc fallacy, Appeal to Ignorance Lysenkoism-No control group. Fallacies- Appeal to Fear, Hasty Generilization. Know the definition of Appeal to Authority and Bandwagon. - ANSWER-Appeal to Authority-Doing something because a famous person does it. Bandwagon-Many people believe in it so I should too. Why do people believe in pseudoscience? Why should we be concerned about detecting and revealing pseudoscience? - ANSWER--People are fascinated by pseudoscience