Question 92: Incorrect
Which Agile software development methodology makes use of a
master?
Extreme Programming
Crystal
Lean
(Incorrect)
Scrum
(Correct)
Explanation
The correct answer: In Scrum, the scrum master acts as a facilitator for the
team and the product owner. Instead of managing the team, the Scrum
Master works to assist both the team and the product owner to understand
and follow the Scrum practices and rules. They also work to remove any
obstacles that the team might face, fostering an environment for high
productivity. The incorrect answers: While Extreme Programming does
emphasize team collaboration and iterative development like Scrum, it does
not have a specific role of a "master". XP has roles like programmers,
customers, and testers but none of these is equivalent to the Scrum Master
role. Crystal is a family of Agile methodologies that focus on people,
interaction, community, skills, talents, and communications. The Crystal
methodology does not specifically include a "master" role. The roles in a
Crystal project are variable and depend on the project size. Lean software
development methodology is based on the lean manufacturing concept and
principles. It focuses on optimizing efficiency and reducing waste during the
development process. Lean does not have a role equivalent to a "Scrum
Master". It emphasizes on empowering the team to be self-organizing.
Question 93: Incorrect
What are bind variables in a database, and why are they important
for cybersecurity?
Bind variables are used to encrypt data in a database to
protect it from unauthorized access
(Incorrect)
Bind variables are placeholders for values in a SQL query that
helps prevent SQL injection attacks
(Correct)
Bind variables are used to limit access to certain database
tables based on user permissions
Bind variables are used to store passwords in a database for
secure access
, Explanation
The correct answer: Bind variables are used in SQL queries to replace values
that are inserted into the query dynamically. This is important for
cybersecurity because it helps prevent SQL injection attacks. SQL injection
attacks are a type of cyber attack that involves inserting malicious SQL code
into a query to gain unauthorized access to a database. By using bind
variables, the malicious code is treated as a value and not executed,
protecting the database from being compromised. The incorrect answers:
Bind variables are not used to store passwords in a database for secure
access. They are used in SQL queries as placeholders for values. Storing
passwords in a secure way involves other techniques such as hashing and
salting. Bind variables do not encrypt data. Data encryption is a separate
process used to secure data in a database and protect it from unauthorized
access by using an encryption algorithm. Bind variables are not used to limit
access to certain database tables based on user permissions. Database
management systems use other mechanisms, such as granting and revoking
privileges, to control access to database objects.
Question 99: Incorrect
When we check our databases for integrity, we notice a value that is
not consistent with the attribute data type. Which type of integrity
failure is this?
Semantic integrity.
(Correct)
Formatted integrity.
Entity integrity.
Referential integrity.
(Incorrect)
Explanation
The correct answer: Semantic integrity refers to the correctness of the
meaning of data, which includes, among other things, ensuring data is in the
correct format and consistent with its declared type. If a value in a database
is not consistent with the attribute data type, it's a violation of semantic
integrity. The integrity rules are used to ensure the semantic correctness of
a transaction which manipulates relational data. This can include things like
making sure a field that is supposed to contain dates doesn't contain
alphabetical characters or ensuring that an age field doesn't contain values
like:25 or 150. The incorrect answers: Referential integrity ensures that
relationships between tables in a database remain consistent. It typically
involves maintaining consistency across primary and foreign keys. It does
not directly involve checking whether a value is consistent with its attribute's
data type. Entity integrity ensures that each row or record in a database
table is unique. This is typically enforced by using primary keys that uniquely
identify each record in a table. It does not involve checking whether a value
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