PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 MODULE 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 100% GUARANTEED PASS
The rugs of the twisted ladder of the double helix in DNA are made of what?
Nitrogenous bases
How many nitrogenous bases are there?
4.
Name the nitrogenous bases.
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)...
The rugs of the twisted ladder of the double helix in DNA are made of what?
Nitrogenous bases
How many nitrogenous bases are there?
4.
Name the nitrogenous bases.
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Which nitrogenous bases are purines?
Adenine and Guanine
Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines?
Thymine and Cytosine
Each nitrogenous base has a __________ __________?
Unique Structure
What is the unique structure of purines?
2 carbon-nitrogen rings
4 nitrogen atoms
What is the unique structure of pyrimidines?
1 carbon-nitrogen ring
2 nitrogen atoms
How are the nitrogenous bases linked?
Linked by deoxyribose
,What is a base plus a deoxyribose called?
Nucleoside
What is a base plus deoxyribose plus a phosphate group called?
Nucleotide
What is the complimentary pair for purine?
Pyrimidine
What is the complimentary pair for thymine?
Adenine
What is the complimentary pair for guanine?
Cytosine
What are complimentary pairs held together by?
Weak hydrogen bonds
Within the helical structure, what are nitrogenous bases said to be in?
Complimentary pairs
How do hydrogen bonds occur?
When 2 negatively charged atoms share a hydrogen atom.
How many hydrogen bonds are formed bonds when adenine pairs with thymine?
2 hydrogen bonds
How many hydrogen bonds are formed when guanine pairs with cytosine?
3 hydrogen bonds
What are nucleotides linked to?
A polynucleotide chain.
Polynucleotide chains are ordered in a what?
Sequence
What defines an entire organism?
Polynucleotide chains in a unique sequence
Each strand or leg of the DNA ladder has what?
Polarity
What does polarity do?
Give directionality
How is polarity determined?
, The direction the nucleotide rungs are facing.
The 5' (five prime) end terminates what?
Phosphate group
the 3' (three prime) strand terminates with what?
Hydroxyl group
Strands are arranged in what way?
Antiparallel arrangement
How are the strands in antiparallel arrangements oriented?
One strand is in the 5'-3' orientation while the other strand is in the 3'-5' orientation.
What are entire sequences of paired bases called?
Genome
How much DNA is in a human cell
2 meters (6.5 ft) worth
What is tightly coiled and packaged with DNA that is needed for DNA replication?
Histone Proteins
What are DNA sequences and their associated proteins called?
Chromatin
What are the structures chromatin complexes are packed into?
Chromosomes
How many copies of a chromosome are there and where do they come from?
2 and from each parent
Where are chromosomes located at?
Within the nucleus of somatic cells.
Describe somatic cells
All the body's cells except gametes
What are gametes?
Sperm and egg cells.
How many chromosomes does a somatic cell have?
46 chromosomes
Cellular division (mitosis) requires a high degree of __________ to ensure
__________ are produced
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