TEST #3 Perfusion II-kahoots/ATI
A health care professional caring for pt about to start Losartan for HPTN.
Nurse should tell pt to report what indicatoin of adverse reactions:
A.Facial edema
B.Sleepiness
C.Peripheral edema
D.Constipation
A. facial edema
Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, can cause angioedema, often
manifesting as redness and swelling around the eyes and lips. Patients who
develop this adverse effect should stop taking the drug and seek medical
attention
A nurse is caring for a pt taking Spirolactone for HPTN. Which lab value
should alert the nurse to take further action?
A.Serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L
B.Serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L
C.Serum chloride level of 100 mEq/L
D.Serum magnesium level of 1.9 mEq/L
B.Serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L
Spironolactone, a diuretic and an aldosterone antagonist, can cause
hyperkalemia and put patients at risk for cardiac dysrhythmias. This level
exceeds the expected reference range of 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L and warrants
immediate intervention.
Pt is taking Eplernone for HTN. Nurse should include what instruction?
A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
B. Use sunscreen and protective clothing.
C. Avoid the use of salt substitutes.
D. Stop taking the drug if dizziness occurs.
,C. Avoid the use of salt substitutes.
Eplerenone, an aldosterone antagonist, can cause hyperkalemia. Many salt
substitutes contain significant amounts of potassium. Patients who take the
drug should not use salt substitutes that contain potassium.
What is the normal range for sodium?
135-145 mEq/L
What is the normal range for potassium?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What is the normal range for Chloride?
95-105 mEq/L
What is the normal range for Magnesium?
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Nurse is caring for pt who is about to start using transdermal nitroglycerin for
angina pectoris. Which instructions for use should be given? (select all)
A. Apply a new patch at the onset of anginal pain.
B. Apply the patch to dry skin and cover the area with plastic wrap.
C. Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites.
D. Apply a new patch each morning.
E. Remove patches for 10 to 12 hr daily.
C. .Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites is correct. Hair can
interfere with the adhesion of the patch. Rotating sites helps prevent skin
irritation.
D. Apply a new patch each morning is correct. Therapeutic preventive effects
of transdermal nitroglycerin patches begin 30 to 60 min after application and
last up to 14 hr. Because angina pain is more likely with activity, most patients
require this protection during waking hours.
, E. Remove patches for 10 to 12 hr daily is correct. Removing the patches for
10 to 12 hr each day helps prevent tolerance to the drug. For most patients,
sleeping hours are the best time to go "patch-free," as angina pain is more
likely during activity.
A pt taking Digoxin develops ECG changes & other manifestations indicating
sever Digoxin toxicity. Which drug should the nurse have available to treat this
complication?
A. Acetylcysteine (Acetadote)
B. Flumazenil (Mazicon)
C. Fab antibody fragments (Digibind)
D. Deferoxamine (Desferal)
C. Fab antibody fragments (Digibind)
Fab antibody fragments, also called digoxin immune Fab, binds to digoxin and
blocks its action. The health care professional should prepare to administer
this antidote IV to patients who have severe digoxin toxicity.
Pt takes carvedilol for HTN is about to begin taking an oral antidiabetes drug
to manage newly diagnosed Type 2 DM. Nurse should make sure the PCP
knows the pt is at increased risk for which of the following if she takes both
drugs?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypotension
D.Hypoglycemia
D. Hypoglycemia
Two factors increase the patient's risk for hypoglycemia. Alpha/beta blockers,
such as carvedilol, potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of insulin and oral
hypoglycemic drugs. Also, carvedilol can mask tachycardia in a patient who
has hypoglycemia. Using carvedilol with patients who have diabetes mellitus
requires caution.
A health care professional caring for pt about to start Losartan for HPTN.
Nurse should tell pt to report what indicatoin of adverse reactions:
A.Facial edema
B.Sleepiness
C.Peripheral edema
D.Constipation
A. facial edema
Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, can cause angioedema, often
manifesting as redness and swelling around the eyes and lips. Patients who
develop this adverse effect should stop taking the drug and seek medical
attention
A nurse is caring for a pt taking Spirolactone for HPTN. Which lab value
should alert the nurse to take further action?
A.Serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L
B.Serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L
C.Serum chloride level of 100 mEq/L
D.Serum magnesium level of 1.9 mEq/L
B.Serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L
Spironolactone, a diuretic and an aldosterone antagonist, can cause
hyperkalemia and put patients at risk for cardiac dysrhythmias. This level
exceeds the expected reference range of 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L and warrants
immediate intervention.
Pt is taking Eplernone for HTN. Nurse should include what instruction?
A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
B. Use sunscreen and protective clothing.
C. Avoid the use of salt substitutes.
D. Stop taking the drug if dizziness occurs.
,C. Avoid the use of salt substitutes.
Eplerenone, an aldosterone antagonist, can cause hyperkalemia. Many salt
substitutes contain significant amounts of potassium. Patients who take the
drug should not use salt substitutes that contain potassium.
What is the normal range for sodium?
135-145 mEq/L
What is the normal range for potassium?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What is the normal range for Chloride?
95-105 mEq/L
What is the normal range for Magnesium?
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Nurse is caring for pt who is about to start using transdermal nitroglycerin for
angina pectoris. Which instructions for use should be given? (select all)
A. Apply a new patch at the onset of anginal pain.
B. Apply the patch to dry skin and cover the area with plastic wrap.
C. Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites.
D. Apply a new patch each morning.
E. Remove patches for 10 to 12 hr daily.
C. .Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites is correct. Hair can
interfere with the adhesion of the patch. Rotating sites helps prevent skin
irritation.
D. Apply a new patch each morning is correct. Therapeutic preventive effects
of transdermal nitroglycerin patches begin 30 to 60 min after application and
last up to 14 hr. Because angina pain is more likely with activity, most patients
require this protection during waking hours.
, E. Remove patches for 10 to 12 hr daily is correct. Removing the patches for
10 to 12 hr each day helps prevent tolerance to the drug. For most patients,
sleeping hours are the best time to go "patch-free," as angina pain is more
likely during activity.
A pt taking Digoxin develops ECG changes & other manifestations indicating
sever Digoxin toxicity. Which drug should the nurse have available to treat this
complication?
A. Acetylcysteine (Acetadote)
B. Flumazenil (Mazicon)
C. Fab antibody fragments (Digibind)
D. Deferoxamine (Desferal)
C. Fab antibody fragments (Digibind)
Fab antibody fragments, also called digoxin immune Fab, binds to digoxin and
blocks its action. The health care professional should prepare to administer
this antidote IV to patients who have severe digoxin toxicity.
Pt takes carvedilol for HTN is about to begin taking an oral antidiabetes drug
to manage newly diagnosed Type 2 DM. Nurse should make sure the PCP
knows the pt is at increased risk for which of the following if she takes both
drugs?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypotension
D.Hypoglycemia
D. Hypoglycemia
Two factors increase the patient's risk for hypoglycemia. Alpha/beta blockers,
such as carvedilol, potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of insulin and oral
hypoglycemic drugs. Also, carvedilol can mask tachycardia in a patient who
has hypoglycemia. Using carvedilol with patients who have diabetes mellitus
requires caution.
