3 Steps To Making a Good Educated Decision - Observe, Evaluate, Implement
Preliminary Procedures in Vehicle Stop - 1. Dispatch Protocol
2. Activation of Emergency Equipment
3. Concluding Location of the Stop
4. Status Check
5. Contact Completion
Types of Vehicle Stops - 1. High Risk
2. Unknown Risk
3. High Risk Vehicles
Basic Survival Violations - - Fails to call for back-up early
- Allows suspect to overhear radio transmissions
- Conducts pat-down from vulnerable position
- Turns back on the suspect
- Searches vehicle with occupant inside
- Interviews passenger from vulnerable location
- Permits 2 unrestrained suspects out at once
- Loses visual on suspect(s)
- Places suspect in patrol car w/o adequate search
- Handcuffs inappropriately
- Fails to draw sidearm when warranted
- Fails to unbuckle seatbelt
Vehicle Positioning to Suspect #1: Offset - Pros:
,- Most traditional
- Offers safe lane for officer approach
- If using a crossover, more tactically sound due to concentrated light on suspect driver side
Cons:
- Officer vehicle in active lane of traffic
- Little protection from assaultive suspects
- Officer potentially backlit
- Light may affect oncoming traffic
Vehicle Positioning to Suspect #2: Angle - Pros:
- Greatest protection from assaultive behavior
- Aids in transition to High Risk Stop if becomes necessary
Cons:
- Squad lighting not directly aimed at suspect vehicle
- Lighting may affect oncoming traffic
- Initially places officer in active lane of traffic
- In 2 man unit, support officer isn't provided initial coverage against assault
Vehicle Positioning to Suspect #3: In-Line - Pros:
- Can be utilized in unsatisfactory roadway conditions (curves, no shoulders)
- Concentrated lighting on suspect vehicle
Cons:
- Officer must be cautious of approaching traffic
- No protection against assaultive behavior
Checkpoints in Suspect Vehicle Contact - 1: Trunk area
, 2. Rear seat area
3. Behind drivers door (*greatest risk to officer safety)
4. Windshield/dash of vehicle
**If potential threats to officer safety recognized at any checkpoint, do not move to the subsequent
checkpoint. Disengage if necessary and standby for assistance.
Violator Contact in Vehicle Stop - - Make driver turn to face you
- Dialogue Design
- Request driver place hands on top of steering wheel
- Request driver turn off vehicle (unless extreme temps)
- Accept documents w/ support hand
- Don't stare at documentation
- Back away from driver & vehicle
Exigent Initiation by Single Officer involves: - - Exiting low from the vehicle in a Protected position
- Turning on your portable radio
- Assessing the risk
- Issuing verbal commands (to have the suspect hold their hands out of the window)
- Maintaining this position until assistance arrives
Fundamentals of Communication - - *Officer with best vantage point issues commands
- Direct command specifically to identified person
- Constant communication between all officers
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