NR 565 - advanced pharmacology midterm - Chamberlain
1. During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
reactions with potential long term consequences?: 1st trimester (fetus
most at risk d/t rapid growth)
2. What is BEERS criteria?: Recommendations of medications
inappropriate for elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
3. What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450): liver enzyme system where
medica- tions are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and
create drug-drug interactions
4. CYP450 inducers: Speed up metabolism of drugs (drug is cleared
faster), drug has lesser effect (decrease blood levels of drug), elevate
CYP450 enzymes
5. CYP450 inducers pneumonic: "Bullshit Crap GPS INDUCES rage"
6. CYP450 inducer drug names: Barbituates, St John wort,
Carbamazepine, ri- fampin, alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulvin,
phenobarbital, sulfonylureas
7. CYP450 inhibitors: inhibit metabolism, increase blood levels of
medications
8. CYP450 pneumonic: "VISA credit card debt INHIBITS spending on
designers like CK to look GQ"
9. CYP450 inhibitors drug names: Valproate, isoniazid, sulfonamides,
amio- darone, chloramphenicol, ketoconazole, grapefruit juice,
quinidine
10.Physiological changes during pregnancy that impact
pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs?: increase
glomerular filtration rate leads to increase durg excretion
increase hepatic metabolism
decrease tone and motility of
bowel increase drug
absorption
11.Examples of medications that can be teratogenic: Antiepileptic drugs,
an- timicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, vitamin A
in large doses, some anticoagulants, and hormonal medications such
as diethylstilbestrol (DES).
12. How is absorption of intramuscular medications different in neonates?: -
slow and erratic due to low blood flow in muscles first few days of life
13.Why is absorption of medication in the stomach increased in infancy?:
de- layed gastric emptying
14.Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric patient?:
glu- cocorticoids, discoloration of developing teeth with tetracyclines,
1. During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
reactions with potential long term consequences?: 1st trimester (fetus
most at risk d/t rapid growth)
2. What is BEERS criteria?: Recommendations of medications
inappropriate for elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
3. What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450): liver enzyme system where
medica- tions are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and
create drug-drug interactions
4. CYP450 inducers: Speed up metabolism of drugs (drug is cleared
faster), drug has lesser effect (decrease blood levels of drug), elevate
CYP450 enzymes
5. CYP450 inducers pneumonic: "Bullshit Crap GPS INDUCES rage"
6. CYP450 inducer drug names: Barbituates, St John wort,
Carbamazepine, ri- fampin, alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulvin,
phenobarbital, sulfonylureas
7. CYP450 inhibitors: inhibit metabolism, increase blood levels of
medications
8. CYP450 pneumonic: "VISA credit card debt INHIBITS spending on
designers like CK to look GQ"
9. CYP450 inhibitors drug names: Valproate, isoniazid, sulfonamides,
amio- darone, chloramphenicol, ketoconazole, grapefruit juice,
quinidine
10.Physiological changes during pregnancy that impact
pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs?: increase
glomerular filtration rate leads to increase durg excretion
increase hepatic metabolism
decrease tone and motility of
bowel increase drug
absorption
11.Examples of medications that can be teratogenic: Antiepileptic drugs,
an- timicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, vitamin A
in large doses, some anticoagulants, and hormonal medications such
as diethylstilbestrol (DES).
12. How is absorption of intramuscular medications different in neonates?: -
slow and erratic due to low blood flow in muscles first few days of life
13.Why is absorption of medication in the stomach increased in infancy?:
de- layed gastric emptying
14.Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric patient?:
glu- cocorticoids, discoloration of developing teeth with tetracyclines,
