100% de satisfacción garantizada Inmediatamente disponible después del pago Tanto en línea como en PDF No estas atado a nada
logo-home
Buscado previamente por ti
Buscado previamente por ti
logo
GARP Ch 4 Question and answers 100% correct $13.99
Añadir al carrito
Navegar rápidamente a
Vista previa
  2.  
  3. GARP
  4.  
  5. GARP

Examen

GARP Ch 4 Question and answers 100% correct

 0 veces vendidas
  • Grado
  • GARP
  • Institución
  • GARP

GARP Ch 4 Question and answers 100% correct Challenges / disagreements in international climate policy - correct answer Optimal amount of emissions reduction (3.5' in 1990s to 1.5-2' in avoid tipping points), disagreement on moral responsibility (accumulated historic emissions, current share, or...

[Mostrar más]

Vista previa 2 fuera de 5  páginas

Información del documento

  • 11 de agosto de 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Examen
  • Preguntas y respuestas

Temas

  • garp ch 4
  • garp ch 4 question and answers 100 correct

Escuela, estudio y materia

  • GARP
  • GARP

Vendedor

avatar-seller
Academia199

Comentarios recibidos

Vista previa del contenido

GARP Ch 4 - Climate and Sustainability
Policies
Challenges / disagreements in international climate policy - correct answer
✔Optimal amount of emissions reduction (3.5' in 1990s to 1.5-2' in avoid
tipping points), disagreement on moral responsibility (accumulated historic
emissions, current share, or future emissions), difficulties of collective action
(tragedy of the commons)


Emissions by country (absolute vs. historic) - correct answer ✔Highest
current annual emissions: China, USA, then India. Asia = 53%, N. America
18%, Europe 17%. Highest culumative emissions: U.S. 1/4, EU (including UK)
1/5, China 1/8, Russia, Japan. N. America and Asia = 29% each, Europe (incl
Russia) = 33%. Future emissions: Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Brazil ppressured
to adopt green models of development.


History & outcomes of Kyoto Protocol - correct answer ✔First global compact
on emissions reductions; legally binding treaty, required high-income "Annex
1" countries to reduce emissions by 5% from 1990 levels by 2008-2012.
Included emissions-trading between Annex 1 countries; "joint implementation"
- Annex 1 countries could undertake tech project / transfer in another Annex 1
country; "clean development mechanism" (CDM), Annex 1 countries could get
credit for emissions reduction project in non-Annex 1 country. Ultimately failed
because lacked implementation, Annex 1 countries didn't like "common but
differentiated responsbilities", US never ratified.


Copenhagen COP - correct answer ✔COP15 in 2009. Lots of pressure bc
Kyoto expired 2012. Failed to come to concensus, but established foundation
for Paris Agreement: i.e. 2'C global warming goal, idea of domestic mitigation
strategies from every country (NDCs)


Outcomes of Paris Agreement - correct answer ✔COP21 in Paris (2015).
Commonly agreed aspiration to keep global temperature rise "well below 2°C

, above pre-industrial levels" and to "pursuing efforts" to limit the rise to 1.5°C.
Invited all countries to submit (non-binding) plans aka NDCs with "ratcheting"
mechanism to increase ambition; relied on peer pressure; nations appointed 2
"high-level champions" each; and recognized subnational actors (cities,
businesses).


Structure, pros and cons of carbon pricing policies (taxes vs. ETS) - correct
answer ✔Carbon tax (price per ton of CO2 emitted): raises revenue, but can
be unpredictable / easily tweaked and thus hard to make investment decisions
over multiple years. Cap-and-trade scheme (cap on total emissions with
tradable permits): more flexible, can create cash flows and better for longer-
term investment decisions, but vulnerable to exogenous shock like a financial
crisis, leading to oversupply of permits.


Sector-specific climate policy examples (i.e. transportation, power generation)
- correct answer ✔Renewable Portfolio standards; Feed-in tariffs
(guaranteed price per unit of electricity generated for sellers over a fixed
period - usually 15-25 years), priority dispatch (prioritize RE transmission), net
metering (billing tool to credit stored RE energy), fuel efficiency and CO2
emissions standards for automobiles.


National and subnational climate policy and actions - correct answer ✔RGGI,
Tokyo cap-and-trade system. Networks/advocacy groups: C40 - coalition of
cities; America's Pledge / America Is All In: public and private subnational
actors. These non-state commitments can be more ambitious and impactful
on top of national pledges.


Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions - correct answer ✔Scope 1: direct emissions
from owned or controlled sources. Scope 2: indirect emissions from the
generation of purchased energy. Scope 3: all indirect emissions (not included
in Scope 2) that occur in the value chain of the reporting company, including
both upstream and downstream emissions.

Los beneficios de comprar resúmenes en Stuvia estan en línea:

Garantiza la calidad de los comentarios

Garantiza la calidad de los comentarios

Compradores de Stuvia evaluaron más de 700.000 resúmenes. Así estas seguro que compras los mejores documentos!

Compra fácil y rápido

Compra fácil y rápido

Puedes pagar rápidamente y en una vez con iDeal, tarjeta de crédito o con tu crédito de Stuvia. Sin tener que hacerte miembro.

Enfócate en lo más importante

Enfócate en lo más importante

Tus compañeros escriben los resúmenes. Por eso tienes la seguridad que tienes un resumen actual y confiable. Así llegas a la conclusión rapidamente!

Preguntas frecuentes

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

100% de satisfacción garantizada: ¿Cómo funciona?

Nuestra garantía de satisfacción le asegura que siempre encontrará un documento de estudio a tu medida. Tu rellenas un formulario y nuestro equipo de atención al cliente se encarga del resto.

Who am I buying this summary from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Academia199. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy this summary for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

45,681 summaries were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 15 years now

Empieza a vender
$13.99
  • (0)
Añadir al carrito
Añadido