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NR 565 - ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM - CHAMBERLAIN UNI NEWLY UPDATED EXAM 2024 |QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NR 565 - ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM - CHAMBERLAIN UNI NEWLY UPDATED EXAM 2024 |QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NR 565 - ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGYMIDTERM - CHAMBERLAIN UNI NEWLY
UPDATED EXAM 2024 |QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for
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adverse drug reactions with potential long term
V V V V V V V
consequences?
V ANS: 1st trimester (fetus most at VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V V V
risk d/t rapid growth)
V V V V
What is BEERS criteria?
V V ANS: Recommendations V VVVVVVVVVV VVV
of medications inappropriate for elderly (65 and older),
V V V V V V V V
prescriber ultimately decides
V V V
What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450)
V V V ANS: liver V V VVVVVVVVVV VVV
enzyme system where medications are metabolized, can
V V V V V V V
either be inducers or inhibitors and create drug-drug
V V V V V V V V
interactions
V
CYP450 inducers ANS: Speed up metabolism of
V VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V V
drugs (drug is cleared faster), drug has lesser effect
V V V V V V V V V
(decrease blood levels of drug), elevate CYP450 enzymes
V V V V V V V V
,CYP450 inducers pneumonic
V V VVVVVVVVVV ANS: "Bullshit Crap VVV V
GPS INDUCES rage"
V V V
CYP450 inducer drug names
V ANS: Barbituates, St
V V VVVVVVVVVV VVV V
John wort, Carbamazepine, rifampin, alcohol, phenytoin,
V V V V V V
griseofulvin, phenobarbital, sulfonylureas
V V V
CYP450 inhibitors
V ANS: inhibit metabolism, VVVVVVVVVV VVV V
increase blood levels of medications
V V V V V
CYP450 pneumonic
V ANS: "VISA credit card debt VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V V
INHIBITS spending on designers like CK to look GQ"
V V V V V V V V V
CYP450 inhibitors drug names
V ANS: Valproate,
V V VVVVVVVVVV VVV
isoniazid, sulfonamides, amiodarone, chloramphenicol,
V V V V
ketoconazole, grapefruit juice, quinidine
V V V V
Physiological changes during pregnancy that impact
V V V V V
pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties of
V V V V V
drugs?
V ANS: increase glomerular filtration rate
VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V V
leads to increase durg excretion
V V V V V V
increase hepatic metabolism
V V
decrease tone and motility of bowel
V V V V V
increase drug absorption
V V
,Examples of medications that can be teratogenic
V V V V V V VVVVVVVVV
ANS: Antiepileptic drugs, antimicrobials such as
V VVV V V V V
tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, vitamin A in large
V V V V V V V
doses, some anticoagulants, and hormonal medications
V V V V V V
such as diethylstilbestrol (DES).
V V V V
How is absorption of intramuscular medications different
V V V V V V
in neonates?
V V ANS: slow and erratic due to low VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V V V V
blood flow in muscles first few days of life
V V V V V V V V V
Why is absorption of medication in the stomach increased
V V V V V V V V
in infancy?
V V ANS: delayed gastric emptying
VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V
Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric
V V V V V V V V
patient?
V ANS: glucocorticoids, discoloration of
VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V
developing teeth with tetracyclines, and kernicterus with
V V V V V V V
sulfonamides, levofloxacin (antibiotics)
V V V V
aspirin (Severe intoxication from acute overdose)
V V V V V
what should be included in medication administration
V V V V V V
patient education?
V ANS: dosage size and timing
V VVVVVVVVVV VVV V V V
route and technique of administration
V V V V
duration of treatment V V
drug storage
V
, nature and time course of desired responses
V V V V V V
nature and time course of adverse responses
V V V V V V
finish taking antibiotic
V V
What are some things that put the elderly patient at higher
V V V V V V V V V V
risk for adverse drug reactions?
V V V ANS: reduced renal V V VVVVVVVVVV VVV V
function
V V
polypharmacy (the use of five or more medications daily) V V V V V V V V
greater severity of illness
V V V
presence of comorbidities V V
use of drugs that have a low therapeutic index (e.g.,
V V V V V V V V V
digoxin)
V
increased individual variation secondary to altered
V V V V V
Vpharmacokinetics
inadequate supervision of long-term therapy
V V V V
poor patient adherence
V V
How can healthcare providers decrease likelihood of an
V V V V V V V
elderly patient experiencing an adverse drug reaction?
V V V V V V V VVVVVVV
ANS: obtaining a thorough drug history that includes
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over-the-counter medications
V V
considering pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics
V V V
changes due to age
V V V V
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