Data correct answers 1. Raw facts
- Have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning to the end user
2. Building blocks of information
3. Data management: generation, storage, and retrieval of data
Information correct answers - Produced by processing raw data to reveal its meaning
- Req...
ITSS 4300 Exam 1 || A+ Guaranteed.
Data correct answers 1. Raw facts
- Have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning to the end user
2. Building blocks of information
3. Data management: generation, storage, and retrieval of data
Information correct answers - Produced by processing raw data to reveal its meaning
- Requires context
- Bedrock of knowledge
- Should be accurate, relevant, and timely to enable good decision making
Database correct answers -Shared, integrated computer structure that stores a collection of:
1. End-user data: raw facts of interest to end user
2. Metadata
-Data about data, which the end-user data are integrated and managed
- Describe data characteristics and relationships
Database management system (DBMS) correct answers - Collection of programs
- Manages the database structure
- Controls access to data stored in the database
Roles of DBMS correct answers - Intermediary between the user and the database
- Enables data to be shared
- Presents the end user with an integrated view of the data
- Receives and translates application requests into operations required to fulfill the requests
- Hides database's internal complexity from the application programs and users
Why are there so many different types of databases? correct answers - Each database provides
different functions that cater specifically to the people or organizations using it
What are the challenges related to file systems? correct answers - Lengthy development times
- Difficulty of getting quick answers
- Complex system administration
- Lack of security and limited data sharing
- Extensive programming
Structural Independence correct answers - File structure is changed without affecting the
application's ability to access the data
Data Independence correct answers - Data storage characteristics is changed without affecting
the program's ability to access the data
Data Redundancy correct answers 1. Unnecessarily storing same data at different places
2. Islands of information: Scattered data locations
- Increases the probability of having different versions of the same data
, Problems with data redundancy correct answers - Poor data security
- Data inconsistency
- Increased likelihood of data-entry errors when complex entries are made in different files
- Data anomaly: Develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made
successfully
Types of data anomaly correct answers 1. Update
2. Insertion
3. Deletion
Data Models correct answers - Simple representations of complex real-world data structures
- Useful for supporting a specific problem domain
Importance of Data Models correct answers - Are a communication tool
- Give an overall view of the database
- Organize data for various users
- Are an abstraction for the creation of good database
Building Blocks of Data Models correct answers 1. Entity: Unique and distinct object used to
collect and store data
- Attribute: Characteristic of an entity
2. Relationship: Describes an association among entities
- One-to-many (1:M)
- Many-to-many (M:N or M:M)
- One-to-one (1:1)
3. Constraint: Set of rules to ensure data integrity
Business Rules correct answers - brief, precise, and unambiguous description of a policy,
procedure, or principle
- enable defining the basic building blocks
- describe the main and distinguishing characteristics of the data
Why are Business Rules important correct answers 1. Help standardize company's view of data
2. Communications tool between users and designers
3. Allow designer to:
- Understand the nature, role, scope of data, and business processes
- Develop appropriate relationship participation rules and constraints
- Create an accurate data model
Translating Business Rules into Data Model Components correct answers 1. Nouns translate into
entities
2. Verbs translate into relationships among entities
3. Relationships are bidirectional
4. Questions to identify the relationship type
- How many instances of B are related to one instance of A?
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