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Optometry Final Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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Optometry Final Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100%Verified
Light is bent (refracted) primarily by the ______________ - Cornea
Light is bent (refracted) secondarily by the _______ - Lens
Light is focused onto the __________ which contains specialized neural cells called photoreceptors to
process light and change it into a chemical signal which is transmitted through the visual pathway. -
Retina
Majority of the light is focused onto the ___________ -> clearest portion of vision. - Macula
Chemical signal exits the eye via the ___________________. - Optic Nerve (CN II)
Which lobe is involved in visual processing?? - The Occipital Lobe
The ability to clearly see an image at near involves a process known as ____________________ which is
controlled by CN III (Oculomotor Nerve). - Accomodation
Testing Visual Acuity: Distance _________ ft vs. Near ________ cm - Distance - 20 ft
Near - 40 cm
Equipment used to cover the eye - Occluder
Snellen Fraction 20/20 - Test Distance/Letter Size: document the smallest row of letters on the visual
acuity chart where the patient was able to correctly identify half or more of the letters
______________ condition in which the image is not clear - Refractive Error
, Hyperopia - Farsightedness (Distance can be seen clearly, but close ones do not come into proper focus).
Some people may not notice any problems with their vision, especially when they are young. With
significant hyperopia - vision can be blurry for objects at any distance, near or far.
Myopoia - Nearsightedness, Most Common refractive error of the eye, cornea is too curved for the
length of the eyeball (see close objects clearly, but can not focus on objects further away). Light comes
to focus in front of the retina instead of on the retina.
Astigmatism - Irregularly shaped eyeball leading to improper focus of objects. Does not focus light
evenly onto the retina - images appear blurry and stretched out.
Presbyopia - Age-related condition in which the ability to focus up close becomes more difficult. As the
eye ages, the lens can no longer change shape enough to allow the eye to focus close objects clearly.
Legal Blindness - Visual acuity worse than 20/200 in the better seeing, corrected eye.
Driving in AZ - Visual acuity must be better than 20/40 in the better seeing, correct eye to obtain a
driver's license with no restrictions.
Daytime Restrictions - Visual acuity must be at least 20/60 in better seeing, corrected eye to obtain a
drives license with daytime restrictions.
Depth perception utilizes one eye or two? - Two - two images must be focused on the respective
maculas and must be processed together in the occipital cortex.
Strabismus - Two eyes do not work together to point at a target simultaneous. Eye condition from a lack
of coordination of the eye muscles which prevents the two eyes from focusing at the same point in
space.
EXOtropia - Form of Strabismus in which one eye turns outward.
ESOtropia - Form of Strabismus in which one eye turns inward.
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