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PUBH 201 MidtermWhat is public health? - correct answer ✔✔"The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life,
and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations,
public and private communities, and individuals"
Public Health vs. Medical Care - correct answer ✔✔In medicine, the patient is the individual; in public
health, the patient is the community.
Public health diagnoses the health of the community using public health sciences. Treatment of the
community involves new policies and interventions.
Goal of medicine is to cure; goal of public health is prevention of disease and disability.
3 core functions of public health - correct answer ✔✔1. Assessment
2. Policy Development
3. Assurance
10 essential public health services - correct answer ✔✔1. Monitor health status to identify and solve
community health problems.
2. Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
3. Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues.
4. Mobilize community partnerships and action to identify and solve health problems.
5. Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts.
6. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
7. Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when
otherwise unavailable.
8. Assure competent public and personal health care workforce.
9. Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services.
10. Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
Great Public Health Achievements - correct answer ✔✔1.Vaccinations
,2.Motor vehicle safety
3.Workplace safety
4.Control of infectious diseases
5.Decline in death from heart issues
6.Safer and healthier food
7.Community water fluoidation
8.Family Planning
9.Tobacco control
10. Healthier moms and babies
Key elements of public health - correct answer ✔✔Population focus
Prevention emphasis
Inclusive of human environments (social, physical, cultural) • Diverse array of activities
WHAT'S SO CONTROVERSIAL ABOUT PUBLIC HEALTH? - correct answer ✔✔-Economic impact of public
health interventions
• Individual liberty vs. public good
• Moral and religious opposition
• Politics of public health
Levels of Prevention - correct answer ✔✔Primary: prevent/promotion
Secondary: screen-early detection
Tertiary: treat- to prevent further deterioration, rehab
Population - correct answer ✔✔A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the
same area
Determinants of health - correct answer ✔✔Factors that contribute to a person's current state of
health.These factors may be biological, socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioral, or social in nature.
Scientists generally recognize five determinants of health of a population
, What are the 5 determinants of health? - correct answer ✔✔• Biology and genetics. Examples: sex and
age
• Individual behavior. Examples: alcohol use, injection drug use (needles),
unprotected sex, and smoking
• Social environment. Examples: income, discrimination, and gender
• Physical environment. Examples: where a person lives and crowding conditions
• Health services. Examples:Access to quality health care and having or not having health insurance.
social determinants of health - correct answer ✔✔• Economic Stability
• Education
• Community and Social Environment
• Health Care
• Neighborhood and Built Environment
ECONOMIC STABILITY: how does it influence health - correct answer ✔✔Financial strain =stress
Income =healthy diet, health care, housing, education
EDUCATION: how does it influence health - correct answer ✔✔• Education =occupation, income
• Education =health knowledge, literacy, coping and problem solving, social networks
COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT: how does it influence health - correct answer ✔✔Civic
Participation =benefit for community, sense of purpose and social networks for individual
• Discrimination =opportunities, chronic stressor
• Social cohesion=Social capital=resources, norms, support
NEIGHBORHOOD AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT: how does it influence health - correct answer ✔✔• Access
to healthy foods
• Crime andViolence
• Environmental Conditions • Quality of Housing
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