PCCN Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Questions and Answers 2024/2025

PCCN Exam
Questions with Correct
Answers Latest
Questions and Answers
2024/2025

, PCCN Exam



What is the function of the cardiovascular system ✔✔ to drive O2 to the cell so that
the
cell can make ATP for energy production

What is the formula for CARDIAC OUTPUT ✔✔ Stroke volume x Heart Rate

CO = HR X SV ( Preload + Afterload + Contractility)

What is the term for the amount of blood that is pumped out of the ventricle each
MINUTE? ✔✔ Cardiac Output ( approximately 4 - 8
LPM )

What is the term for the amount of blood that is pumped out of the ventricle each
BEAT? ✔✔ Stroke
Volume

What is the term for the number of contractions / minute? ✔✔ Heart Rate

IMPORTANT RELATIONSHIPS TO KNOW ✔✔ 1. CO DECREASED ->
HR
INCREASES ( to maintain adequate stroke volume )

2. CO INCREASED -> HR DECREASES ( as stroke volume decreases )

3. HR DECREASED -> SV DECREASES and CO DECREASES

4. HR INCREASES ( > 150 ) -> SV DECREASES and CO DECREASES

5. SV DECREASES -> CO DECREASES and HR INCREASES

6. SV INCREASES -> CO INCREASES and HR DECREASES

What is the term for the volume of blood ejected from the ventricle per minute adjusted
for body size ✔✔ Cardiac
Index

What is a normal cardiac index? ✔✔ Normal = 2.5 to 4.4 L/min/m2
**Always utilize CI values on exam (especially for bigger patients)