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TEST BANK For Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Verified Chapters 1 - 52, Complete Newest Version
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TEST BANK For Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Verified Chapters 1 - 52, Complete Newest Version

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  • 19 de septiembre de 2024
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,Porth’s Pathophysiology11thEdition Norris Test Bank
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1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused o
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n the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments ma
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de by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a good re
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presentation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply. 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book re 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


views and word games during social time 5 5 5 5 5 5


B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care fa 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


cilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabete 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


s mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking classes
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D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis se 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


ssions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children A 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


ns: A, B, C, E 5 5 5 5


Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as ―a state of complete physical, mental, and soci
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al well-5


being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.‖ Engaging in book reviews faci
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litates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-
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being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating physical well-
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being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention
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of disease and spread of germs.
5 5 5 5 5




2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large varie
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ty of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is referring
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to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Ser
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vices as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which would be cons
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idered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
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A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American desc
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ent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
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B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to hyperchol
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esterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime. 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
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D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many he
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alth care facilities. 5 5


Ans: B 5


Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using alternativ
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e therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and promoting health for
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5all (which includes having good health care benefits); and promoting good health (which i
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ncludes living in a clean community with good access to health care). A client's noncompli
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ance with treatments to control high cholesterol levels within the presence of a family hist
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ory of CV disease does not meet the ―attaining lives free of preventable disease and premat
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ure death‖ determinant.
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,3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large, universi
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ty hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation between diseas
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es that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease. Which of the foll
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owing patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause diseas
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e?
A) A 31-year- 5


old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of packed red bl
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ood cells 5


B) A 91-year- 5


old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from familial hyp
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ercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year- 5


old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen therapy and
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chest physiotherapy 5


D) A 30-year- 5


old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and is HIV positi
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


ve.
Ans: D 5


Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sickle cel
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l anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the effects
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of abnormal molecules.
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4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a num
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ber of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the following aspects
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of clients' situations bN
5 esUt R
chSaI
5 raN
ctGerTizBe.
s pCaOt hMo g e n e s i s rather than etiology?
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A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
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B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident A
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ns: B 5


Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as the incre
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asing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and traumatic injuri
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es are examples of etiologic factors.
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, 5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has arrived
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5to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of the pathoge
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nesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the patient verifies to the
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nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings about coronary artery disease?
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A) ―All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heartattacks.‖
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B) ―My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty foods like Fr
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ench fries every day.‖ 5 5 5


C) ―Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that made it ea 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


sy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.‖
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D) ―If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the veins causi
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ng a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will have a heart attack.‖
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Ans: C 5


Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however, the patho
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genesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory process from a fatty st
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reak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with coronary artery disease. Risk factors
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5for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking, diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
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6. A 77-year-
5


old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic obstructive pulmo
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nary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is assessing the client for the first ti
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


me. WhichNU ofRthSeIfN
5olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMects of the patient's current state of health would be best ch 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


aracterized as a symptom rather than a sign? 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
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C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields bi
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laterally.
D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


Ans: B 5


Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health problem, s
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5


uch as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds, an
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d respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of disease.
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